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Psychology AQA > Research Methods; Observational research/design > Flashcards

Research Methods; Observational research/design Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a Natural Observation?

A

Behaviour recorded in an unmanipulated setting

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2
Q

What is a Controlled Observation?

A

Behaviour recorded in a structured, manipulated setting.q

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3
Q

Strengths of a Naturalistic Observation?

A
  • realistic environment
  • external validity
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4
Q

Limitations of a Naturalistic Observation?

A
  • internal validity
  • low reliability
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5
Q

Strengths of a Controlled Observation?

A
  • replicability
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6
Q

Limitations of a Controlled Observation?

A
  • external validity
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7
Q

What is an Overt Observation?

A

behaviour recorded with participant’s consent/knowledge

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8
Q

What is a Covert Observation?

A

behaviour recorded without knowledge/consent

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9
Q

Strengths of an Overt Observation

A
  • informed consent gained
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10
Q

Limitations of Overt Observation

A
  • demand characteristics
  • validity
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11
Q

Strengths of Covert Observation

A
  • demand characteristics
  • validity
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12
Q

Limitations of Covert Observation

A
  • informed consent
  • deception
  • privacy
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13
Q

What is a Participant Observation?

A

Researcher becomes a member of the group being observed

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14
Q

What is a Non-Participant Observation?

A

Researcher is outside of the group being observed

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15
Q

Strengths of a Participant Observation

A
  • demand characteristics
  • validity
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16
Q

Limitations of a Participant Observation

A
  • observer bias
  • difficult to monitor
17
Q

Strengths of a Non-Participant Observation

A
  • more objective
18
Q

Limitations of a Non-Participant Observation

A
  • validity
19
Q

What is an unstructured observation?

A

Recording all relevant information continuously

20
Q

What is a structured observation?

A

Predetermined system records certain behaviours

21
Q

Strengths of Structured Observations

A
  • more systematic
  • quantitative data, easier to analyse
  • inter-observer reliability
22
Q

Limitations of Structured Observations

A
  • lacking detail
23
Q

Strengths of Unstructured Interviews

A
  • in depth and detailed results
24
Q

Limitations of Unstructured Interviews

A
  • qualitative data, hard to analyse
  • observer bias

Psychology AQA (13 decks)

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