Research methods; Experimental designs Flashcards
Why are experimental methods and designs important?
- understanding data
- how can data be affected?
What is an experiment?
An attempt to measure the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable.
What is an experimental method?
The type of experiment: for example: quasi, lab, natural and field
What is an experimental design?
This is how participants are used (grouped) in experiments.
What is a Lab Experiment?
Controlled. IV manipulated by the researcher. DV measured with strict controls of extraneous variables.
What is a Field Experiment?
Natural. IV is manipulated by the researcher. DV is measured but with lesser control.
What is a Natural Experiment?
Natural. IV is not manipulated by researcher - groups would exist regardless. DV is decided by researcher and measured with lesser controls, similar to field experiment.
What is a Quasi Experiment?
Controlled. Iv is not manipulated by anyone - exists naturally, is being used as an opportunity for research. DV is recorded by researcher and controlled.
What is an independent group design?
Participants only take part in one condition. Group’s results are compared against one another
What is a repeated measured design?
All participants partake in all conditions. Their own results in each condition are compared against one another.
What is a matched pairs design/
Each participant is matched with another participant whom they share similar traits / variables with. They are placed in different conditions, and their results compared.
Strengths of a Lab Experiment?
- high control over extraneous variables, establish causality
- more replicable
- internal reliability
Limitations of a Lab Experiment?
- ecological validity
- demand characteristics
Strengths of a Field Experiment?
- ecological validity
- demand characteristics
Limitations of a Field Experiment?
- extraneous variables
- internal validity
- external reliability
