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Psychology > Research Methods > Flashcards

Research Methods Flashcards

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1
Q

Random sampling

A

Using a random method to select a subset of individuals for the sample from the population

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2
Q

Sample

A

Collection of individuals from which we collect data

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3
Q

A confound

A

Confused

Confounding variable’s may influence the interpretations of experiment results

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4
Q

Experimental methods are used to determine

A

How the independent variable is acting on the dependent variable

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5
Q

Additional confounds

A

Expectancy effect, placebo effect

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6
Q

Expectancy effect

A

Researcher subtly communicates to behaviour he/or she expects to find, producing the desired reaction

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7
Q

Placebo effect

A

Participants change their behaviour in the absence of any kind of experimental manipulation and example would be given people placebo pills

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8
Q

Controlling confounds

A

Researchers use methods and attempt to hold constant all variables and conditions other than those related to the hypotheses being tested
Eg.tape recorder

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9
Q

Double blind control

A

In which the experimenter and subject are unaware as to who receives were treatment

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10
Q

Placebo controlled

A

Inclusion of an experimental condition in which the treatment is not administered

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11
Q

Correlation method

A

Used to determine the extent to which two variables are related, use only when you can’t manipulate variables

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12
Q

Correlation coefficient Positive

A

0.01 to 1.0

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13
Q

Correlation coefficient negative

A

-.01 to -1.0

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14
Q

Experimental research designs

A

Between subject designs, within subject designs

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15
Q

Between subject designs

A

Different group of participants or sign to experimental conditions or to control condition

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16
Q

Within subject designs

A

Each participant is compared to themselves overtime

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17
Q

Population

A

Set of individuals that Generalizations will be based on

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18
Q

Sample

A

Actual people in the experiment

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19
Q

Representative sample

A

Subset they closely matches the characteristics of the population being studied

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20
Q

An example of random sampling

A

Marbles in a jar, but counting the small jar you can make a guest for your bigger jar of the ratio of coloured balls

21
Q

Population of interest/ election polling

A

Depends on your goals, can everyone do it, is there an age restriction, likely voters/participants

22
Q

Election pulling- how is it conducted

A

If you know the details of an area population, and the people you choose should fit the characteristic as in how is it represented

23
Q

Which showing the polls throw the voting. Screw the polls and why

A

It would because by showing people the results it may skew their judgement

24
Q

Measurement accuracy is determined by

A

Reliability and validity

25
Q

Reliability

A

Stable and consistent and example would be an IQ test

26
Q

Validity

A

Degree to which a test measures what it wants to measure it’s conceptual

27
Q

Face validity

A

Does the test look like what you’re trying to measure

28
Q

Predictive validity

A

Does the thing you measure predict whether or not someone will experience with your studying

29
Q

Types of measure to obtain data

A

Depends on with being studied, self report measures, behavioural measures

30
Q

Self-report measures

A

Not usually valid, verbal or written answers to what the researcher poses which means your own observations

31
Q

Behavioural measures

A

Based on performance could be archival or case studies

32
Q

Archival

A

The records in history,

Relies on others observations

33
Q

Case studies

A

Exam in a small number of people , lots of domains, more , new clinical settings, eg. H.M

34
Q

Self-report measures can be

A

Questionnaires or an interview format or surveys

35
Q

The problem with self report measures

A

People often want to make themselves look better that this could affect their answers

36
Q

Self-report measures include what type of questions

A

Direct or open ended

37
Q

Lexical decision

A

Determining if somethings a word

38
Q

Types of observations

A

Direct, naturalistic,

39
Q

Direct observations

A

Have a laboratory kind of setting

40
Q

Cons of direct observations

A

The subject may be uncomfortable in the setting

41
Q

Naturalistic observation’s

A

In a calm environment more likely like a house party

42
Q

Cons of naturalistic observation’s

A

You don’t have control over the situation

43
Q

Quasi experimental design

A

Experiment that does not require random assignment to conditions

44
Q

Qualitative methodologies include

A

Case studies, narrative analysis is, qualitative

45
Q

Participant observation study

A

Researcher in beds themselves into the group to study it’s dynamic

46
Q

Narrative analysis

A

Study of stories of personal accounts of people groups or cultures Researchers will study themes, structures, and dialogue of each person’s nature

47
Q

Independent variable

A

Variable research for manipulate and control

48
Q

Dependent variable

A

The variable the researcher Measures but does not manipulate

Psychology (6 decks)

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