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Psychology > Nervous System > Flashcards

Nervous System Flashcards

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1
Q

Brain legion are sets of _____ neurons

A

Interconnected

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2
Q

Humans have ______ brains and are very ___________ because of all the folds

A

Large, convoluted

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3
Q

In the human brain because we have so many folds we can hold lots of __________

A

Information

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4
Q

Humans have on average more ______ per neuron and more synapses per any given _______ in the brain

A

Dendrites, neurons

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5
Q

Most of the differences in our brain happen on the ______ most layer of the brain

A

Outer(cortex)

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6
Q

Even though human brains are different there lots of ________ aspects between us and animals

A

Common

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7
Q

CNS

A

Central nervous system Brain and spinal chords

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8
Q

PNS

A

Peripheral nervous system , Everything outside the brain and spinal cord

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9
Q

The peripheral nervous system includes

A

Somatic system, autonomic system

Cranial and spinal, parasympathetic, sympathetic

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10
Q

In order for something to be in the Central nervous system

A

It must start and end in the central nervous system

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11
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

Processes sensory information and controls the voluntary muscle movements

Ex) move eyes, wave hands

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12
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Things that you don’t have to think about typically

Ex) Controls muscles and visceral organs breathing, heart beat

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13
Q

Cranial nerves

A

Nerves that don’t go into the spinal cord

Ex)eye movement

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14
Q

Spinal nerves

A

Moving hands and feet

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15
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

Controlling the dilation of your eyes, rest and digest system normal situations

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16
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

Controlling dilation of your eyes, Takes over when you’re in fight or flight mode

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17
Q

Central nervous system

A

of systems, lots of divisions within systems, it’s layers,

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18
Q

Phineaus gage

A

Example of how damages affect the brain in example the frontal cortex, he went through and big personality change, from responsible to being an ass.

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19
Q

Brain stem

A

Structures associated with automatic processes

Ex heart rate breathing

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20
Q

Limbic system

A

Involves motivation, emotion, memory

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21
Q

Cerebrum

A

Largest part of the brain, integrates sensory information, coordinates movements, facilitates thinking and reasoning(includes cerebral cortex)

Ex) putting movement together to accomplish walking

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22
Q

The three interconnected layers of the brain

A

Brain stem, limbic system, cerebrum

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23
Q

Cerebellum means/known for

A

(Little brain) known for being helpful in fine motor movement

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24
Q

The brain stem includes

A

Medulla, pons, cerebellum

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25
Q

Medulla

A

Centre for breathing, blood pressure, amd heart beat

26
Q

Pons

A

Provides input to other brain stem structures and cerebellum, sometimes called the bridge

27
Q

Cerebellum

A

Coordinate bodily movements, controls posture, maintains equilibrium, involved in implicit motor learning

28
Q

What does maintaining equilibrium means in cerebellum

A

Means maintaining balance

29
Q

The limbic system

A

Surrounds brain stem

Includes the hippocampus, the amygdala, and the hypothalamus

30
Q

The hippocampus

A

Structure for memory formation

Eg. H.M had short term memory, learning someone’s name

31
Q

Amygdala

A

Controls emotion, aggression, and acquisition and retention of emotional information in memory
Eg, helps people remember emotional events

32
Q

Hypothalamus

A

Regulates motivated behaviour
Eg.eating, temp, sexual arousal
-maintains homeostasis
-interfaces pituitary gland

33
Q

Cerebral cortex structures

A

Frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, temporal lobe

34
Q

Cerebrum

A

2/3 of the total mass of the brain

Includes the cerebral cortex, a thalamus, the cerebral hemispheres, the the corpus Callosum

35
Q

Cerebral cortex

A

The outer layer of neurons

-Composed of billions of neurons

36
Q

Thalamus

A

Relays incoming sensory information to the appropriate area of the cerebral cortex
-translates information from the periphery into the form that can be used by the cortex

37
Q

Cerebral hemisphere

A

Symmetrical halves the brain is divided into

-The brain also contains groups the divide it vertically and horizontally

38
Q

Corpus callosum

A

Nerve fibres that send messages between the two brain hemispheres

39
Q

Primary Somatosensory area

A

Touch information,feeling and where
Eg. Texture, pain, temperature, teeth
-organized by body parts

40
Q

Primary motor area

A

In charge or movements

Eg.moving your finger, lips

41
Q

Parietal lobe

A

Responsible for sensation of touch, pain, temperature

42
Q

Occipital lobe

A

Primarily involve official processes, contains visual cortex(primary visual area)

43
Q

Temporal lobe

A

Process related to hearing , contains auditory cortex

44
Q

Frontal lobe

A

Involved in motor control and cognitive activities such as planning, decision-making, goalsetting, and personality

45
Q

Specific cerebral cortex/primary motor system

A

Motor cortex, somatosensory cortex, association cortex

46
Q

Association cortex

A

Interprets and Integrates integrates information from various sensory modalities(different modes) used to play in appropriate response to stimuli

Eg.handwriting

47
Q

What is the Output and the input of a sensory motor cortex

A

The output is the motor cortex, (controls body right side)
the input is the sensory cortex
(Receives input from right side)

48
Q

What body part is in the motor cortex but not in the sensory cortex?

A

Teeth, gums, genitals because these don’t move but they feel

49
Q

Places with more fine motor movement/ control needs more space in the _______ to function

A

Brain

50
Q

auditory cortex

A

Processing information for hearing, lobe by the ear

51
Q

Visual cortex

A

Processing information for seeing, back of the head to

52
Q

What are the language areas of the cortex:aphasia

A
  1. visual
  2. angular gyrus
  3. wernickes area
  4. brocas area
  5. motor
53
Q

Visual cortex Language area

A

Receives written words as visual stimulation

54
Q

Angular Gyrus Language area

A

Transforms visual representations into an auditory code

55
Q

Wernickes area Language area

A

Interprets auditory code

56
Q

Brocas area Language area

A

Control speech Muscles via the motor cortex

57
Q

Motor cortex language area

A

Word is pronounced

58
Q

Aphasia

A

The impairment of language usually caused by left hemisphere damage

59
Q

Damage in the Broca’s area

A

Impaired speaking

60
Q

Damage to wernikes

A

Impaired understanding

61
Q

Language areas

A

Brain activity when hearing seeing and speaking words, using scan you can demonstrate specialization an integration of brain functions

Psychology (6 decks)

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