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Psychology > Research Methods > Flashcards

Research Methods Flashcards

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1
Q

Sampling

A

The process of selecting participants from a population that is to be studied.

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2
Q

Random sampling

A

Ensures that every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected to be a part of the sample.

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3
Q

Stratified sampling

A

Dividing the sample into different subgroups into representative subgroups of the population

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4
Q

Convenience sampling

A

Selecting participants who are readily available.

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5
Q

Single blind

A

Participants are unaware of which group they’ve been allocated to.

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6
Q

Double blind

A

Participant and researcher don’t know which groups

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7
Q

Counter balancing

A

Systematically changing the order of treatments or tasks for participants in a balanced way to counter the unwanted effects on performance of any one order.

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8
Q

Placebos

A

A fake treatment that represents the IV that is actually neutral. It ensures that participant expectations don’t effect results

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9
Q

Standardised procedures

A

The same instructions and steps for all participants

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10
Q

Indpendent Variable

A

Manipulated variable to test the effect it has on the DV

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11
Q

Dependent Variable

A

Used to observe and measure the effects of the IV

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12
Q

Extraneous Variable

A

Any variable other than the IV that can effect the DV

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13
Q

Confounding Variable

A

Extraneous Variable that hadn’t been identified before conducting the experiment, making the experiment invalid.

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14
Q

Individual participant differences

A

Unique personal characteristics that can act as an EV

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15
Q

Order effects

A

Practise effects: Influence of repeating a task

Carry over: Influence of particular task on following activity.

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16
Q

Placebo effect

A

Change in participant behaviour because of their expectations or beliefs

17
Q

Experimenter effect

A

The way the experimenter carries out their research which can result in unwanted influence

18
Q

Reliability

A

The extent to which results obtained from a research study are consistent, dependable and stable

19
Q

Validity

A

Extent to which the procedure used for a research study measures what it intended to measure.

20
Q

Ethical considerations

A
  1. Research Merit and Integrity-Results used to improve social welfare.
  2. Beneficence- Benefits to wider community.
  3. Justice- Fair procedures
  4. Respect for Human Beings- Researcher considers the participants.

Psychology (9 decks)

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