research methods Flashcards
target populations =
the wider group of people that finding should apply to
biased sample =
a sample that does not represent the target population
representative sample =
a cross section that is typical of the target population
sampling frame =
a section of the target population from which the sample is drawn
sampling =
every person in the target population should be proportionally represented
al necessary views should be represented
if not everyone is represented it is biased
composition is more important than size
how does sampling take place (steps)
- define the pop of interest
- specify the sampling frame
- use a sampling method to choose from the sampling frame
- decide sampling size
- gather sample
- collect datas
- review
what is opportunity sampling
chosen because they are convenient
because they are present at the time or known to the researcher
strengths of opportunity sampling
less time consuming in terms of planning and don’t ned sophisticated methods of choosing participants
quick and convenient
weakness of opportunity sampling
biased sample as only certain types of people will participate
same locality s similar characteristics
bias when choosing participants
what is volunteer sampling
choosing via ads and people coming forward if they wish to
strengths of volunteer sampling
gain access to people you normally couldn’t
easy and convenient
ethical as they choose themselves
weakness of volunteer sampling
people who volunteer themselves may be similar
what is stratified sampling
sampling frame is grouped
certain number of people randomly chosen
strengths of stratified sampling
representative
identify characteristics of target pop
weaknesses of stratified sampling
time consuming
may not identify all characteristics so won’t be representative
