Research Methods

Question 1

Independent Variables

Answer 1

Manipulated by the researcher or occurs naturally

Question 2

Dependent Variables

Answer 2

The results (what is measured by the researcher)

Question 3

Extraneous Variables

Answer 3

Any other variable that can affect the dependent or independents variables

Question 4

Aim

Answer 4

A general statement of what the researcher intends to investigate (the purpose of the study)

Question 5

Hypothesis

Answer 5

States the relationship between the variables being investigated

Question 6

Alternative Hypothesis

Answer 6

States there is a relationship between variables

Question 7

Null Hypothesis

Answer 7

States there is no relationship between variables

Question 8

Operational Hypothesis

Answer 8

Clearly defines the variables in terms of how they will be measured

Question 9

Directional Hypothesis

Answer 9

Predicts an effect will occur whether that effect will specifically increase or specifically decrease

Question 10

Non-directional Hypothesis

Answer 10

Predicts a relationship between variables without specifying the direction of that relationship

Question 11

Confederate

Answer 11

An actor who is apart of the experiment

Question 12

BPS

Answer 12

The British Psychology Study

Question 13

Code of Ethics

Answer 13

• Informed consent
• Debrief
• Deception
• Protection from harm
• Confidentiality
• Right to withdraw

Question 14

Informed consent

Answer 14

Participants must be aware of the aims of the research, their rights, and what their data will be used for

Question 15

Debrief

Answer 15

Participants should be told the aim of the study and any other details of the study they were not told before

Question 16

Deception

Answer 16

Participants should not be intentionally mislead through words, actions, or omissions to create a false perception or belief.

Question 17

Protection from harm

Answer 17

This includes psychological and physical harm

Question 18

Confidentiality

Answer 18

Under the Data Protection Act participants data should be kept confidential

Question 19

Right to withdraw

Answer 19

Participants should be told they have the right to leave the study at any given time. They can also choose to withdraw their data before the study is published