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Cognition And Behavour (P1) > Long + Short Term Memory (memory) > Flashcards

Long + Short Term Memory (memory) Flashcards

1
Q

Duration

A

How long information lasts

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2
Q

Capacity

A

How much information can be stored

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3
Q

Encoding

A

The format of how information is stored

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4
Q

STM duration, capacity and encoding

A

Duration: 18-30 seconds
Capacity: 5-9 items
Coding: acoustic

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5
Q

LTM duration, capacity and encoding

A

Duration: lifetime
Capacity: unlimited
Coding: semantic

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6
Q

Types of long-term memory

A

Episodic
Semantic
Procedural

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7
Q

Episodic memory

A

Memory of an event

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8
Q

Semantic memory

A

Memory of a statement

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9
Q

Procedural memory

A

Memory of a procedure

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10
Q

Shema

A

A package of information

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11
Q

Two reasons we forget

A

Lack of cues
Interference

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12
Q

Cues

A

A smell (for example) that triggers a memory

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13
Q

Interference

A

When details of two episodic memories get mixed up

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14
Q

Types of interference

A

Retroactive
Proactive

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15
Q

Retroactive interference

A

When Recent information affects recall of old information

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16
Q

Proactive interference

A

When Past information affects recall of new information

17
Q

Case study

A

A study focused on one individual

18
Q

Encoding

A

Taking in information which has been seen or experienced into the memory
(An input process)

19
Q

Key process

A

Encoding > Storage > Retrieval

20
Q

Visual encoding

A

Memories that are stored visually (such as what someone looks like)

21
Q

Acoustic encoding

A

Memories stored in terms of how they sound (such as the lyrics or tunes of a song)

22
Q

Semantic encoding

A

The meaning of certain information (such as the meaning of different words)

23
Q

Storage

A

The process of maintaining information in temporary or permanent memory over time

24
Q

Dreaming

A

The process in which the brain sorts all recent information in the memory

25
Q

Retrieval

A

Being able to access stored information whenever it’s needed
(An output process)

26
Q

Recognition retrieval

A

Recognising something as correct

27
Q

Cued recall

A

Retrieval using a prompt

28
Q

Free recall

A

Retrieval without a prompt

29
Q

The multi-store model (MSM)

A

Created by Atkinson and Shiffin in 1968 to explain how the memory works

30
Q

Sensory memory duration, capacity and encoding

A

Duration: less that 1 second
Capacity: very limited
Encoding: depends on stimulus

31
Q

Limitation of MSM

A

To simplistic
Doesn’t take into account the three types of LTM

32
Q

Strength of MSM

A

Shows STM and LTM are different
HM STM and LTM couldn’t communicate

Cognition And Behavour (P1) (5 decks)

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