Long + Short Term Memory (memory)

Question 1

Duration

Answer 1

How long information lasts

Question 2

Capacity

Answer 2

How much information can be stored

Question 3

Encoding

Answer 3

Changing information into a form that can be stored in the brain

Question 4

STM duration, capacity and encoding

Answer 4

Duration: 18-30 seconds
Capacity: 5-9 items
Coding: acoustic

Question 5

LTM duration, capacity and encoding

Answer 5

Duration: lifetime
Capacity: unlimited
Coding: semantic

Question 6

Types of long-term memory

Answer 6

Episodic
Semantic
Procedural

Question 7

Episodic memory

Answer 7

Memory of an event

Question 8

Semantic memory

Answer 8

Memory of a statement

Question 9

Procedural memory

Answer 9

Memory of a procedure

Question 10

Shema

Answer 10

A package of information

Question 11

Two reasons we forget

Answer 11

Lack of cues
Interference

Question 12

Cues

Answer 12

A smell (for example) that triggers a memory

Question 13

Interference

Answer 13

When details of two episodic memories get mixed up

Question 14

Types of interference

Answer 14

Retroactive
Proactive

Question 15

Retroactive interference

Answer 15

When Recent information affects recall of old information

Question 16

Proactive interference

Answer 16

When Past information affects recall of new information

Question 17

Case study

Answer 17

A study focused on one individual

Question 18

Encoding

Answer 18

Taking in information which has been seen or experienced into the memory
(An input process)

Question 19

Key process

Answer 19

Encoding > Storage > Retrieval

Question 20

Visual encoding

Answer 20

Memories that are stored visually (such as what someone looks like)

Question 21

Acoustic encoding

Answer 21

Memories stored in terms of how they sound (such as the lyrics or tunes of a song)

Question 22

Semantic encoding

Answer 22

The meaning of certain information (such as the meaning of different words)

Question 23

Storage

Answer 23

The process of maintaining information in temporary or permanent memory over time

Question 24

Dreaming

Answer 24

The process in which the brain sorts all recent information in the memory

Question 25

Retrieval

Answer 25

Being able to access stored information whenever it’s needed
(An output process)

Question 26

Recognition retrieval

Answer 26

Recognising something as correct

Question 27

Cued recall

Answer 27

Retrieval using a prompt

Question 28

Free recall

Answer 28

Retrieval without a prompt

Question 29

The multi-store model (MSM)

Answer 29

Created by Atkinson and Shiffin in 1968 to explain how the memory works

Question 30

Sensory memory duration, capacity and encoding

Answer 30

Duration: less that 1 second
Capacity: very limited
Encoding: depends on stimulus

Question 31

Limitation of MSM

Answer 31

To simplistic
Doesn’t take into account the three types of LTM

Question 32

Strength of MSM

Answer 32

Shows STM and LTM are different
HM STM and LTM couldn’t communicate