Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Year 2 - I&P > research and health > Flashcards

research and health Flashcards

1
Q

what is qualitative research

A

collection and analysis of non-numerical information - pop behaviours and attitudes - why people act the way they do

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what are examples of methods used in qualitative research

A

interview, focus groups, diaries

content analysis, framework, protocol, thematic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are patient access schemes

A

mechanism to share cost of new drug between NHS and the company

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is NICE

A

national institute for health and care excellence - national guidance for health and social care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the aim of nice

A

national point of reference for advice on safety and effective health and social care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are quality standards by nice

A

sentinel markers of concise measurable statements designed to drive quality improvements across a pathway of care

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is colloquial vs scientific evidence

A

c - testimony or general feedback to support scientific evidence
s - explicit, systematic and replicable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the biggest challenge to implementing guidance

A

gaining consensus with colleges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the inverse care law

A

least access to healthcare for individuals who need it most

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is inclusion health

A

GP surgeries, late night clinics, street medicine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the 4 lifestyle behaviours associated with disease burden

A

alcohol, smoking, diet, exercise

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

which age groups drink the most, binge drink, frequent drink

A

45-64 most
65+ frequent
16-24 binge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

how does employment affect alcohol consumption

A

those who work drink more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how does employment affect smoking

A

those who are unemployed are more likely to smoke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is an obesogenic environment

A

environment that encourages development of obesity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

describe the changes in the ladder of intervention

A

increasingly involved intervention as you go up and more likely to stop behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

how do we tackle multiple behaviours in specific groups rather than the population as a whole

A

wellness services - bring smoking weight loss services
every contact counts - everyone in NHS promotes good health
exploiting the potential of lay and peer support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the 3rd H of public heath

A

comorbidity and integrated care (improving health services)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what is comorbidities and multimorbidities

A

presence of one or more additional disorders co-ocurring with a primary disease

two or more medical conditions existing simultaneously regardless of the relationship

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what is poly pharmacy

A

dealing with patients on multiple medications - reducing medication error

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what is focus

A

primary and secondary preventions

care is co-ordinated through integrated and social care teams

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what are the summary points of the health and social care act of 2012

A

local authorities responsible for that populations health

23
Q

what is the course of crime to probation

A

crime - police - courts - prison - probation

24
Q

what influences the well being of an offender

A

housing, money, addiction, metal health, education and employment

25
Q

what are the main obesity services currently

A

6-12 month weight loss service

bariatric surgery or less intensive service

26
Q

what is the commissioning cycle of obesity services

A 
service design 
bidding for services 
performance data 
evidence of need 
patent advice and expert advice 
identifying gaps
27
Q

what is health economics

A

how goods and services are produced, distributed ad consumed

28
Q

what is an integrated care system

A

framework that all trusts should be working as - involving everyone necessary for care

29
Q

what are the shared issue and challenges of public heath in emergency services

A

mental health, drug and alcohol use, domestic violence, isolation, children

30
Q

what is ACE in emergency public health

A

adverse childhood experience

those with 4+ experiences more likely to suffer worse outcomes in life

31
Q

what are clinical commissioning groups (CCG)

A

clinically led statutory NHS body responsible for planning and commissioning health care services for their local area

32
Q

how to health needs vary across populations

A

health profiles for local neighbourhoods sharing knowledge through staff education sessions

33
Q

what are the three steps in public health approach in commissioning

A

population needs, wider determinants, evidence based

34
Q

when was the first public heath act and what was it

A

1848

guarantor of standards of health and environmental quality

35
Q

what are the ferdinand mount 5 types of inequalities

A

political - equal rights to health
life outcomes - equal quality of health
opportunity - equal access to health
treatment and responsibility - equal quality of healthcare
participation - equal consideration in HC decisions

36
Q

what are the different social identities that interacts

A

biological - who we are
cultural - what we do
structural - where we dwell

37
Q

what is the mini coefficient

A

most common measure of inequality - varies between 0 and 1 from complete equality to complete inequality

38
Q

what are deprivation indices

A

measure the level of deprivation in an area

39
Q

how do they rank areas of deprivation in the UK

A

domain indicies such as income, health and disability, education, training, living, crime

40
Q

what are the three aims of health protection

A

preventing and controlling infectious disease
reaching the adverse effects of hazards
preparing for potential or emerging threats

41
Q

what threats are there to public health protection

A

radiation, chemicals, poisons, communicable diseases, behaviour, HC, environmental change, public health infrastructure

42
Q

what are the three things we need to consider in infection to public health

A

sources, route and susceptible people

43
Q

what does susceptibility to public infection depend on

A

routes o infection - direct, airborne, food, blood, vector, sexually
host factors - genetic, immunity, age, nutrition
organism - dose, virulence, exposure,
environmental - social (poverty) physical (ventilation, overcrowding)

44
Q

what is an incubation period

A

latent period and infectious period of infection

45
Q

what is an epidemic vs pandemic

A

e - serious outbreak in a single community, population or region
p - epidemic spreading around the world affecting people and country

46
Q

what are the differences between influenza a b and c

A

c - mild, stable
b - occasional outbreaks, children affect and prone to mutation
a - infect lot of animals - very prone to mutation

47
Q

why is influenza a so dangerous

A

haemagglutatin and neuraminidase surface antigens - causes significant illness - pandemics

48
Q

what are the 4 types of influenza

A

seasonal
avain
swine flu
pandemic

49
Q

describe seasonal vs avian influenza

A

s - flu jab, elderly young and IC - peaks in winter, antigenic drift - mutations mean can infect immune people

a - disease of birds passing to humans, 50% mortality and causes pandemic

50
Q

what is swine flu

A

disease of pigs - 2000’s pandemic not effective vaccines

51
Q

how do we get pandemic influenza

A

antigenic shift - two or more different strains combine eg spanish flu, asian, swine - mass pandemic

52
Q

what are the two phases of managing pandemics

A

containment phase - identification, treatment, tracing

treatment phase - treat cases only, infection control and vaccines

53
Q

how long does a vaccine take to make when managing vaccines

A

6-10 months

54
Q

describe the measles infectious disease

A

notifiable infectious disease
vaccine very effective
had a leeds outbreak 2017 - 2018

Year 2 - I&P (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions