global health Flashcards
define health
state of complete physical mental and social well-being and not just absence of disease
define public health
focuses on issue that affect the health of a population of a community or country
define global health
focused on people across the whole planet - health determined by problems issues and concerns that transcend national boundaries
what is international health
specific diseases and conditions in particular countries other than ones own and stresses more the difference between countries
what was the MDG by 2015
millennium development goal end poverty and hunger universal education gender equality reduce child mortality improve maternal health Combat HIV and malaria environmental sustainability global partnership
describe the MDG failed to reduce child mortality
43 deaths per 1000 live
failed by 2/3rds target
how did the MDG fail with maternal health
fallen nearly a half but short of the two 3rds reduction aim
how did the MDG failed with HIV
target of halting and reversing spread failed but new cases fallen by 40%
did the MDG meet its target for environmental sustainability and global partnership
target reached for water by 2010
global stewardship emerging - shared threats and challenges
what are the SDG’s
sustainable development goals
17 goals to eradicate poverty and transform economies by 2030
what are the 5 transformative of SDG’s
leave no one behind sustainable development at the core transform economies build peace forge global partnership
what are communicable diseases
any condition transmitted to a person from an infected person or animal through an intermediate host or environment
why are communicable diseases a global health issue
can spread across the globe and has global implication as disruption of travel and trade
what is DALY
disability adjusted life year
one lost year of healthy life - used as a measure between current health status and an ideal health situation
describe epidemiological transitions and give an example
transitions in demographic that affect transitions ion epidemiology
eg urbanisation - decreased infection and fertility - ageing population - chronic disease emerges
what is a chronic disease
one that requires ongoing medical care usually longer than a year
how does ill health affect not just people
affect économies and development - HIV = 1% reduction in economic growth in some sub Saharan countries
what are slums
1 on 4 live in slums
neglected parts of cities densely populated - poor health
how is healthcare funded 5 ways
direct or out of pocket payments tax social health insurance voluntary or private health care donations
what are the outcomes of future healthcares
risk of dying before 5 halved
smoking will count for a tenth of all works deaths in 2030
depression will be second to aids as a cause of debillitiaing illness
populations will grow rapidly, age and prosper
what does sensitive testing give a indication of
how many people with a disease will test positive for that disease
what does specificity testing give an indication of
of how many people who do not have a disease will test negative for that disease
what is a positive predictive value an indication of
how many of the positive test results correspond to people who actually have the disease
what is a negative predictive value an indication of
how many people of the negative test results correspond to people who do not actually have the disease
what is the difference between high sensitivity and high specificity
high sensitivity = low false negatives but high false positives
high specificity = low false positive but very high false negative
