Research

Question 0

Proprietary research

Answer 0

For organizations internal use only

Sometimes made public, many times not

Question 1

Research

Answer 1

Process of asking question and finding answers

Describes explains and predicts what is true

Question 2

Rowland’s Research Model

Answer 2

Context

Research Question
Methods Criteriu
Findings

Implications

Question 3

Research

Social Science approach

Answer 3

Use of scientific and systematic methods to uncover patterns in the lives of people

Question 4

Hypothesis

Answer 4

Research question

• educated guess about relationship among variables
• grounded in reason & experience
• critically think through factors & select variables to study

Question 5

Quantitative Research

Answer 5

Surveys and experiments
Generalization

Based on observation or experience

Question 6

Qualitative

Answer 6

Interviews, participant-observer
Transferability

Based on observation or experience

Question 7

Research students

Answer 7

Course projects, internships, solving roommate problems

Question 8

Research consumers

Answer 8

Spring break location
Brand selection
College selection

Question 9

Kirkpatrick’s levels of Evaluation

Answer 9

Level 1 reaction
Level 2 learning
Level 3 on the job performance
Level 4 results (e.x company profits)
Level 5 societal impact

Question 10

Types of Research

Answer 10

Experimental research design
Correlational research
Meta-analysis
Descriptive research/case studies
Evaluation research
Action research/needs assessment

Question 11

Refereed/peer reviewed research

Answer 11

Ensures that research study met rigorous scientific methods
-reduces publication of flawed studies

Manuscripts read blind by several peer reviewers

• reviewers don’t know who author is
• provide extensive comments
• recommend for/against publication

Question 12

Characteristics of good research to

Answer 12

1 Requires evidence
Empiricism: observation measured
2 Systematic
Study is repeatable and claims can be tested
3 Unbiased (objective)
Avoids introducing error
4 generalizable/transferable
To new situations/requires multiple studies

Question 13

Objectivist/Rationalist Perspective

Answer 13

Quantitative
-generally relies on numeric measurements
-reduces phenomena to numeric data
  Ex. Survey poll, experiment, test
Produces generalizations

Question 14

Subjectivist/Interpretivist Perspective

Answer 14

Qualitative

• Generally relies on researcher as observer
• Data recorded ethnographically (narrative)
• examples: interviews and focus groups is participant observation
• results in transferability

Question 15

Generalization

Answer 15

Sample to population

Question 16

Transferability

Answer 16

User interprets applicability to new situations

Question 17

Objectivist/rationalist Paradigms

Answer 17

• Reality is independent of an individual
• discover truth through independent observation (stand outside being objective)
• methods: isolate variables deduce generalize (run experiments surveys)

Question 18

Subjectivist/interpretivist naturalist Paradigms

Answer 18

• Multiple realities can exist. All we know based on interpretations
• settings are unique events unpredictable; understand through interaction
• methods emerge: explore whole describe particulars