Research

Question 0

Theory

Answer 0

A set of concepts that explain a phenomenon;

The first step in the scientific method

Question 1

Hindsight Bias

Answer 1

Tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that you predicted it; “I told you so”

Question 2

Hypothesis

Answer 2

A testable explanation of the correlation of two or more events; a prediction

Question 3

Operational Definition

Answer 3

A definition of a variable or condition in the context of the procedure used to determine its presence

Question 4

Replication

Answer 4

The repetition of a research study with different situations/ different subjects

Question 5

Case Study

Answer 5

Observation of an individual or a group of individuals

Question 6

Naturalistic Observation

Answer 6

Method of studying behavior in which the observer does not interfere at all; this allows the observer to watch the subject in their natural environment

Question 7

Survey

Answer 7

Collection of data from a variety of people

Question 8

Sampling Bias

Answer 8

Errors that can occur if not a proper selection of people is made for the experiment

Question 9

Population

Answer 9

Amount of people living in an area

Question 10

Random Sample

Answer 10

Selection of individuals from a large population

Question 11

Correlation

Answer 11

Relationship

Question 12

Correlation Coefficient

Answer 12

The degree of the relationship between two variables

Question 13

Scatterplot

Answer 13

A graph used to illustrate the correlation between two variables

Question 14

Illusory Correlation

Answer 14

The phenomenon of seeing a relationship between two variables where there isn’t one

Question 15

Experimental Group

Answer 15

The people who receive the treatment in a psychological experiment

Question 16

Control Group

Answer 16

The group of people who do not receive the treatments in a psychological experiment

Question 17

Double Blind

Answer 17

A study in which neither the experimenters, nor the ones being experimented on, know the members of either group

Question 18

Placebo

Answer 18

A pill that someone is given that doesn’t actually cure your disease, but you think it does

Question 19

Independent Variable

Answer 19

The stimulus which acts independently of all other factors

Question 20

Confounding Variable

Answer 20

The variable that was not taken into account at the beginning of the experiment

Question 21

Dependent Variable

Answer 21

The variable that is affected by the independent variable

Question 22

Validity

Answer 22

The extent to which an experiment measures what it was meant to test

Question 23

Descriptive Statistics

Answer 23

The summary of a statistic in relation to the people studied

Question 24

Histogram

Answer 24

Visual representation of the distribution of data

Question 25

Mean

Answer 25

The average of the data

Question 26

Median

Answer 26

The middle value of the data collected

Question 27

Mode

Answer 27

The number present most in a set of data

Question 28

Skewed Description

Answer 28

A distribution is negatively skewed, or skewed to the left, if the scores fall toward the higher side of the scale and there are very few low scores. In positively skewed distributions, the mean is usually greater than the median, which is always greater than the mode.

Question 29

Range

Answer 29

Variance in the values of statistics

Question 30

Standard Deviation

Answer 30

Variation that indicates the typical distance between the scores of a distribution and the mean

Question 31

Normal Curve

Answer 31

The symmetrical curve that represents the distribution of scores; lets researchers to see how unusual an observation is

Question 32

Inferential Statistics

Answer 32

Statistical procedures that allow researchers to see whether the results they get support their hypotheses or not

Question 33

Statistical

Answer 33

Mathematical procedures used to describe numbers and draw conclusions

Question 34

Significance

Answer 34

The probability of a statistic occurring by chance

Question 35

Culture

Answer 35

The set of ideas, beliefs, ethics, and practices that exist within a large group of people

Question 36

Informed Consent

Answer 36

The permission participants in an experiment give to the controller of the experiment

Question 37

Debriefing

Answer 37

Participants summarize their experience with the experiment to controller of the experiment at the conclusion of the experiment