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GA 2 > Reproooo > Flashcards

Reproooo Flashcards

1
Q

What anchors the penis to the ischial arch?

A

Root of the penis

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2
Q

What is covered by the ischiocavernosus m?

A

corpus cavernosum , Root of the penis

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3
Q

Which species has a urethral sinus? And what is the clinical relevance?

A

Stallion

Accumulates smegma “bean”

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4
Q

In what species does the artery of the penis give off 3 branches: The artery of the bulb, Deep artery of the penis, and the Dorsal artery of the penis?

A

Dog, boar, bull, ram

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5
Q

How do you get to the cranial artery of the penis in a stallion?

A

Aorta ⇒ External Iliac ⇒ Pudendoepigastric trunk ⇒ External pudendal ⇒ cranial artery of penis

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6
Q

How do you get to the middle artery of the penis in a stallion?

A

Aorta ⇒ Internal Iliac ⇒ Caudal gluteal ⇒ Cranial gluteal ⇒ Obturator a. ⇒ middle artery of penis

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7
Q

What can be found in between the internal and external preputial folds in a stallion?

A

Preputial ring

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8
Q

What structure can be found in the BOAR and is responsible for pheromones?

A

Preputial diverticulum

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9
Q

Which species have all 4 accessory sex glands?

A

Stallion

Bull

Ram

Buck

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10
Q

What accessory sex glands can be seen in a tom cat?

A

Prostate and bulbourethral gland

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11
Q

What accessory sex glands can be seen in a dog?

A

Prostate only!!

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12
Q

What accessory sex glands can be found in a boar?

A

Vesicular, Prostate, and Bulbourethral

No Ampulla!!!

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13
Q

Which species has no ampulla?

A

Boar, Dog, Cat

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14
Q

Which species have a musculocavernous penis?

A

Stallion, dog, cat

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15
Q

Which species have a fibroelastic penis?

A

Bull, boar, ram

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16
Q

What is continuous with the tail of the epididymus?

A

Ductus deferens

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17
Q

What connects the testes to the tail of the epididymus?

A

Proper ligament of the testes

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18
Q

What connects the tail of the epididymus to the layers of the vaginal tunic?

A

Ligament of the epididymus

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19
Q

What connects the tail of the epididymus to the tunica dartos muscle?

A

Scrotal ligament

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20
Q

What does a closed castration mean?

A

When the vaginal cavity is left intact and is NOT exposed

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21
Q

What does an open castration mean?

A

When the parietal vaginal tunic is cut open to expose the vaginal cavity, which is continuous with the peritoneal cavity

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22
Q

What is found within the spermatic cord?

A

Ductus deferens, testicular VAN’s and serous membranes

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23
Q

What are the scrotal layers from superficial to deep?

A

Scrotum
Tunica dartos m.
Spermatic fascia
Parietal vaginal tunic
Vaginal cavity
Visceral vaginal tunic
Tunica albuginea

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24
Q

What supplies blood to the scrotum?

A

External pudendal artery

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25
Q

Which species have a diffuse placenta?

A

Mare and sow

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26
Q

Which species have a zonary placenta?

A

Dog and cat (Bitch and Queen)

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27
Q

Which species has a convex uterus? Concave?

A

Convex - Cows

Concave - Ewes

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28
Q

Which species has a cotledonary placenta?

A

Cow, Sheep, Goats

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29
Q

What forms the placentome in cows, sheep, and goats?

A

Maternal caruncles and fetal cotyledons

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30
Q

The mare has ______ teats and _____ glands in each teat

A

2 teats - each teat has 2 glands that do NOT communicate

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31
Q

What gives blood supply to the the mammary glands in horses and cows?

A

Cranial and Caudal mammary a. off external pudendal a.

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32
Q

The cow has _____ teats and _____ glands in each teat

A

4 teats, each with 1 gland

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33
Q

What is the anatomical name for the milk vein? Which species it found in?

A

Subcutaneous Abdominal vein in COWS

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34
Q

The milk vein, cranial to the milk well, becomes the __________ vein

A

Internal thoracic v.

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35
Q

The subcutanous abdominal vein will perforate the abdominal wall near the ____________

A

xiphoid cartilage

36
Q

The lateral laminae in the cow is __________

A

Fibrous

37
Q

The medial laminae in the cow is __________

A

Elastic

38
Q

What forms the ovarian bursa?

A

The mesosalpinx and mesovarium

39
Q

At what area do mares ovulate?

A

Ovulation fossa

40
Q

What makes up the uterine tube?

A

Infundibulum

Ampulla

Isthmus

41
Q

Which species have a suburethral diverticulum?

A

Cow and Sow

42
Q

What is the area between the vagina and vulva called?

A

Vestibule

43
Q

Which species have a rounded ventral commissure?

A

Mare only!

all other species have a pointed ventral commissure

44
Q

What is the area between the tail and the scrotum/mammary glands called?

A

Perineal region

45
Q

What is torn during parturition?

A

Perineal body - between the anus and dorsal commissure of the vulva

46
Q

What muscles make up the pelvic diaphragm?

A

Coccygeus and Levator ani m.

47
Q

What is the innervation to the external anal sphincter?

A

Caudal rectal n off of pudendal n.

48
Q

The paranal sinuses are found between what muscles?

A

External and internal anal sphincter m.

49
Q

What muscle helps stabilize the anal canal during defecation?

A

Rectococcygeus m.

50
Q

Where do the ducts that secrete the anal glands open into?

A

The cutaneous zone of the anal canal

51
Q

What structures travel through the inguinal canal?

A

External pudendal a.
External pudendal v.
Genitofemoral n.

In male: Spermatic cord also passes through inguinal canal

52
Q

What lymphnode can be found along the dorsolateral border of the penis?

A

Superficial inguinal LN

53
Q

What spinal nerves do the Genitofemoral n. arise from?

A

L3-L4

54
Q

The cremaster muscle is innervated by __________

A

Genitofemoral n.

55
Q

What lies between the urinary bladder and pubis?

A

Pubovesical piuch

56
Q

What lies between the bladder and uterus/prostate?

A

Vesicogenital pouch

57
Q

What lies between the rectum and uterus/prostate?

A

Rectogenital pouch

58
Q

In the fetus, the median ligament of the bladder contains __________

A

Urachus and umbilical arteries

59
Q

What do the lateral ligaments of the bladder contain in an adult?

A

Ureters, Round ligament of bladder (remnant of umbilical a)

60
Q

Where does the female urethra open?

A

On the floor of the vestibule, at the vestibulovaginal junction

61
Q

The urethralis m is innervated by ________

A

Pudendal n.

62
Q

The prostate gets blood supply from

A

The prostatic a.

off of internal pudendal a. off Internal Iliac a. off Aorta

63
Q

The medial iliac LN can be found between what 2 arteries?

A

Deep circumflex iliac a. and External Iliac a.

64
Q

Where does lymph from the abdominal and inguinal mammary glands drain into?

A

Superficial inguinal LN

65
Q

What artery is unpaired and comes off of the Aorta?

A

median sacral a.

66
Q

The umbilical a. is the only branch off of the Internal Iliac a. EXCEPT in the _________

A

Female Cow.

Internal Iliac gives off Umbilical a. and then gives off Vaginal a.

67
Q

The pelvic n travels next to the _________ artery

A

Prostatic/Vaginal

68
Q

What are the terminating branches of the Internal Pudendal a. ?

A

Ventral perineal a.

Urethral a.

Artery of penis/ Clitoris

69
Q

What are the terminal branches of the artery of the penis in MALE DOGS and BULL (MALE COW) ?

A

Dorsal a. of penis

Deep a. of penis

Artery of bulb

** theses branches are ONLY in dog and Bull

70
Q

What structure in the cat is testosterone dependent?

A

Cornified spines on penis

71
Q

In the dog, what is the expansion of the corpus spongiosum and contributes to the “tie” during copulation?

A

Bulbus glandis

72
Q

In the dog, what structure deforms during intromission and allows the urethral opening to shift dorsally?

A

Pars longa glandis

73
Q

The bulb of the penis is externally covered by ___________

A

Bulbospongiosus m.

74
Q

The os penis is found in what species?

A

Dog and cat

75
Q

The urethral groove is found in what species?

A

Dog only!

Located on the ventral aspect of the os penis bone, surrounds the urethra

76
Q

The cremaster m. is an extension of the ______ muscle

A

Internal abdominal oblique m. (IAO)

77
Q

What gives blood supply to the scrotum?

A

External pudendal a.

78
Q

What can be found directly underneath (deep) to the visceral vaginal tunic?

A

Tunica albuginea

79
Q

Which species have testes located subanal?

A

Boar and cat

80
Q

Which species have testes within the inguinal region?

A

Dog and stallion

81
Q

Which species do the testes hang low?

A

Bull and ram

82
Q

How do the testes descend?

A

Via the gubernaculum!

Increases in length, dilates inguinal canal allowing testes to pass through, then regresses into small fibrous structure

83
Q

What is the genital fold?

A

Peritoneal fold between each ductus deferens

84
Q

What transports the sperm from the tail of the Epididymus to the urethra?

A

Ductus deferens

85
Q

What needs to relax for boars, bulls, and rams to get an erection?

A

Retractor penis m. - extends sigmoid flexure

GA 2 (5 decks)

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