Avian

Question 1

_________ is the opening of the cloaca and is IMPT for measuring body temp + collecting cloacal swabs

Answer 1

Vent

Question 2

What are the bare spaces between feather tracts called?

Answer 2

Apteria

** apteric site over jug vein helps blood circulation

Question 3

On what side of the neck can the crop be found?

Answer 3

Right side of neck

Question 4

What bones connect the shoulder girdle to the sternum?

Answer 4

Clavicle and coracoid bones

Question 5

What is the triangular cavity rostral to the eye in a bird called? Why is it relevant?

Answer 5

Infraorbital sinus

Common site of infection!

Consequence of hypovitaminosis A (malnutrition)

Question 6

What does it mean when birds have almond shaped eyes?

Answer 6

Dehydrated or sick bird

Question 7

What structures are outgrowths of skin and are extremely vascular and prone to damage?

Answer 7

Comb and wattle

Question 8

What is the choana in birds?

Answer 8

Median fissure in the palate

connects oropharynx to nasal cavity

Question 9

What can be found immediately caudal to the choana?

Answer 9

Slit like opening called the infundibular cleft - an opening of the Eustachian tubes

Question 10

True or False: Birds do not have an epiglottis

Answer 10

True! No epiglottis in birds!!!

Question 11

_______ contains the opening of the larynx

Answer 11

Laryngeal mound

Question 12

Which is bigger in a bird: Radius or Ulna

Answer 12

ULNA is bigger, supports secondary flight feathers

Question 13

Where is the site of insertion for intraosseous catheters?

Answer 13

1. The ulnar carpal bone of the wrist

can be palpated as a small protuberance on the medial aspect of the wing

2. Stifle joint too

Question 14

Where is the site of attachment for primary feathers?

Answer 14

Major metacarpus and digits

Question 15

Primary flight feather can be arranged in a __________ direction

Answer 15

lateral

Question 16

Secondary flight feather can be arranged in a __________ direction

Answer 16

Medial

Question 17

What bones do the primary flight feathers attach to?

Answer 17

Digits (manus) and major metacarpus

Question 18

What bone do the secondary flight feathers attach to?

Answer 18

the ulna

Question 19

What separates the primary from secondary feathers?

Answer 19

Axillary feather

Question 20

What is the patagium?

Answer 20

Triangular fold of feathered skin between shoulder and carpal joint

Question 21

What is the cranial border of the patagium?

Answer 21

Patagium ligament

Question 22

What is a common site of venipuncture in chickens and waterfowl?

Answer 22

Metatarsal vein

Question 23

What leads to bumblefoot?

Answer 23

Infected digital pads

Question 24

What is the anatomical name for the hock joint?

Answer 24

Intertarsal joint (ankle)

Question 25

What is the "drumstick" of the chicken?

Answer 25

Tibiotarsus - fusion of tibia, fibula, and upper bones of foot

Question 26

What is synsacrum?

Answer 26

Fused thoracic, lumbar, sacral + caudal vertebrae

Question 27

What is notarium?

Answer 27

Fused thoracic vertebrae

Question 28

What can be found between the notarium + synsacrum?

Answer 28

Free vertebrae - prone to spinal fracture

Question 29

What covers the apex of the heart in birds and is important for radiographic interpretation?

Answer 29

Liver covers apex of heart

Question 30

The left and right clavicle unit to form the ___________

Answer 30

Furcula / wishbone

Question 31

____________ + ____________ originate from the keel and have opposing actions

Answer 31

Pectoralis + supracoracoideus

Question 32

The trachea is on the _______ side of the neck

Answer 32

Right side

Question 33

What is the landmark for endotracheal intubation in a bird?

Answer 33

Layngeal mound

Question 34

The 2 sided vocal organ in songbirds is called ____________

Answer 34

Syrinx

Question 35

The lungs in birds have a _________ volume unlike mammals

Answer 35

Constant volume

Question 36

How many air sacs in a chicken? Name them

Answer 36

8 total 1 cervical and clavicular air sac paired cranial thoracic, caudal thoracic, and abdominal air sacs

Question 37

The jug vein is bigger on the _____ side of a bird

Answer 37

Right

Question 38

Which birds do not have a crop?

Answer 38

Owls and geese

Question 39

What is the glandular stomach in a bird called?

Answer 39

Proventriculus

Question 40

The grinding stomach is called?

Answer 40

Ventriculus

Question 41

What is the remnant of the embryonic yolk sac?

Answer 41

Vitelline / merkels diverticulum

Question 42

What divides the upper and lower ileum?

Answer 42

Vitelline/Merkels diverticulum

Question 43

What are the 3 compartments of the cloaca?

Answer 43

Coprodeum Urodeum Proctodeum

Question 44

What is the opening of the cloaca to the outside world called?

Answer 44

The vent

Question 45

How many lobes does the bird kidney have?

Answer 45

3

Question 46

What organ can be found between the proventriculus and ventriculus?

Answer 46

Spleen