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GA 2 > Avian > Flashcards

Avian Flashcards

1
Q

_________ is the opening of the cloaca and is IMPT for measuring body temp + collecting cloacal swabs

A

Vent

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2
Q

What are the bare spaces between feather tracts called?

A

Apteria

** apteric site over jug vein helps blood circulation

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3
Q

On what side of the neck can the crop be found?

A

Right side of neck

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4
Q

What bones connect the shoulder girdle to the sternum?

A

Clavicle and coracoid bones

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5
Q

What is the triangular cavity rostral to the eye in a bird called? Why is it relevant?

A

Infraorbital sinus

Common site of infection!

Consequence of hypovitaminosis A (malnutrition)

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6
Q

What does it mean when birds have almond shaped eyes?

A

Dehydrated or sick bird

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7
Q

What structures are outgrowths of skin and are extremely vascular and prone to damage?

A

Comb and wattle

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8
Q

What is the choana in birds?

A

Median fissure in the palate

connects oropharynx to nasal cavity

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9
Q

What can be found immediately caudal to the choana?

A

Slit like opening called the infundibular cleft - an opening of the Eustachian tubes

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10
Q

True or False: Birds do not have an epiglottis

A

True! No epiglottis in birds!!!

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11
Q

_______ contains the opening of the larynx

A

Laryngeal mound

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12
Q

Which is bigger in a bird: Radius or Ulna

A

ULNA is bigger, supports secondary flight feathers

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13
Q

Where is the site of insertion for intraosseous catheters?

A
  1. The ulnar carpal bone of the wrist

can be palpated as a small protuberance on the medial aspect of the wing

  1. Stifle joint too
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14
Q

Where is the site of attachment for primary feathers?

A

Major metacarpus and digits

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15
Q

Primary flight feather can be arranged in a __________ direction

A

lateral

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16
Q

Secondary flight feather can be arranged in a __________ direction

A

Medial

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17
Q

What bones do the primary flight feathers attach to?

A

Digits (manus) and major metacarpus

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18
Q

What bone do the secondary flight feathers attach to?

A

the ulna

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19
Q

What separates the primary from secondary feathers?

A

Axillary feather

20
Q

What is the patagium?

A

Triangular fold of feathered skin between shoulder and carpal joint

21
Q

What is the cranial border of the patagium?

A

Patagium ligament

22
Q

What is a common site of venipuncture in chickens and waterfowl?

A

Metatarsal vein

23
Q

What leads to bumblefoot?

A

Infected digital pads

24
Q

What is the anatomical name for the hock joint?

A

Intertarsal joint (ankle)

25
Q

What is the “drumstick” of the chicken?

A

Tibiotarsus - fusion of tibia, fibula, and upper bones of foot

26
Q

What is synsacrum?

A

Fused thoracic, lumbar, sacral + caudal vertebrae

27
Q

What is notarium?

A

Fused thoracic vertebrae

28
Q

What can be found between the notarium + synsacrum?

A

Free vertebrae - prone to spinal fracture

29
Q

What covers the apex of the heart in birds and is important for radiographic interpretation?

A

Liver covers apex of heart

30
Q

The left and right clavicle unit to form the ___________

A

Furcula / wishbone

31
Q

____________ + ____________ originate from the keel and have opposing actions

A

Pectoralis + supracoracoideus

32
Q

The trachea is on the _______ side of the neck

A

Right side

33
Q

What is the landmark for endotracheal intubation in a bird?

A

Layngeal mound

34
Q

The 2 sided vocal organ in songbirds is called ____________

A

Syrinx

35
Q

The lungs in birds have a _________ volume unlike mammals

A

Constant volume

36
Q

How many air sacs in a chicken? Name them

A

8 total

1 cervical and clavicular air sac

paired cranial thoracic, caudal thoracic, and abdominal air sacs

37
Q

The jug vein is bigger on the _____ side of a bird

A

Right

38
Q

Which birds do not have a crop?

A

Owls and geese

39
Q

What is the glandular stomach in a bird called?

A

Proventriculus

40
Q

The grinding stomach is called?

A

Ventriculus

41
Q

What is the remnant of the embryonic yolk sac?

A

Vitelline / merkels diverticulum

42
Q

What divides the upper and lower ileum?

A

Vitelline/Merkels diverticulum

43
Q

What are the 3 compartments of the cloaca?

A

Coprodeum

Urodeum

Proctodeum

44
Q

What is the opening of the cloaca to the outside world called?

A

The vent

45
Q

How many lobes does the bird kidney have?

A

3

46
Q

What organ can be found between the proventriculus and ventriculus?

A

Spleen

GA 2 (5 decks)

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