Reproductive System Vocab

Question 0

Conjoined twins

Answer 0

Two babies born physically connected to each other.

Question 1

Circumcision

Answer 1

A surgical procedure in which the prepuce is removed, typically within days of birth.

Question 2

Diploid cell

Answer 2

A cell marked by the presence of a double complement of genetic material

Question 3

Ectopic pregnancy

Answer 3

Implantation of an embryo outside of the uterus

Question 4

Ejaculation

Answer 4

The release of seminal fluid through the urethra

Question 5

Embryo

Answer 5

Developing human between weeks 3-8

Question 6

Erection

Answer 6

The stiffening of the penis during sexual arousal

Question 7

Estrogen

Answer 7

play an important role in the development of the female reproductive system, regulation of the menstrual cycle, the development of female secondary sex characteristics, and the maintenance of pregnancy.

Question 8

Fertilization

Answer 8

Unification of genetic material from male and female haploid gametes

Question 9

Fetus

Answer 9

Developing human during the time from the end of the embryonic period to birth

Question 10

Fraternal twins

Answer 10

two eggs are fertilized by two sperm and produce two genetically unique children.

Question 11

Gamete

Answer 11

Haploid reproductive cell that contributes genetic material to form an offspring

Question 12

Gonads

Answer 12

Reproductive organs that produce genetic and reproductive organs

Question 13

Haploid cell

Answer 13

A cell containing half of the genetic material needed to form a human being

Question 14

Identical twins

Answer 14

One fertilised egg splits and develops into two babies with exactly the same genetic information

Question 15

Implantation

Answer 15

Process by which a blastocyst embeds itself in the uterine endometrium

Question 16

Mammary glands

Answer 16

Glands inside the breast that secrete milk

Question 17

Meiosis

Answer 17

Meiosis is a process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information.

Question 18

Menarche

Answer 18

First menstruation in a pubertal female

Question 19

Menopause

Answer 19

A natural decline in reproductive hormones when a woman reaches her 40s or 50s.

Question 20

Oocyte

Answer 20

Cell that results from the division of the oogonium and undergoes meiosis I at the LH surge and meiosis II at fertilization to become a haploid ovum

Question 21

Oogenesis

Answer 21

Process by which oogonia divide by mitosis to primary oocytes, which undergo meiosis to produce the secondary oocyte and, upon fertilization, the ovum

Question 22

Ovarian cycle

Answer 22

Approximately 28-day cycle of changes in the ovary consisting of a follicular phase and a luteal phase

Question 23

Ovaries

Answer 23

Female gonads that produce oocytes and sex steroid hormones

Question 24

Ovulation

Answer 24

Release of secondary oocyte and associated granulosa cells from and ovary

Question 25

Ovum

Answer 25

Haploid female gamete resulting from completion of meiosis II and fertilization

Question 26

Polar body

Answer 26

Smaller cell produced during the process of meiosis in oogenesis

Question 27

Pregnancy

Answer 27

A nine month process of making a human child

Question 28

Progesterone

Answer 28

Predominately female sex hormone important in regulating the female reproductive cycle and the maintenance of pregnancy

Question 29

Puberty

Answer 29

Life stage during which a male or female adolescent becomes anatomically and physically capable of reproduction

Question 30

Semen

Answer 30

Ejaculatory fluid composed of sperm and secretions from seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands

Question 31

Sperm

Answer 31

Male gamete

Question 32

Spermatid

Answer 32

Immature sperm cells produced by meiosis II of secondary spermatocytes

Question 33

Spermatocyte

Answer 33

Cell that results from the division of spermatogonium and undergoes meiosis I and meiosis II to form spermatids

Question 34

Spermatogenesis

Answer 34

Formation of new sperms, occurs in the seminiferous tubules of the testes

Question 35

Spermiogenesis

Answer 35

Transformation of spermatids to spermatozoa during spermatogenesis

Question 36

Testes

Answer 36

Male gonads

Question 37

Testosterone

Answer 37

Steroid hormone secreted by the male testes and important in the maturation of sperm cells, growth and development of the male reproductive system, and development of male secondary sex characteristics

Question 38

Uterine cycle

Answer 38

Approximately 28-day cycle of changes in the uterus consisting of menses phase, a proliferative phase, and a secretory phase

Question 39

Zygote

Answer 39

Fertilized egg; a diploid cell resulting from fertilization of haploid gametes from the male and female lines

Question 40

Amenorrhea

Answer 40

An abnormal absence of menstruation

Question 41

Breast cancer

Answer 41

A cancer that forms in the cells of the breasts.

Question 42

Cervical cancer

Answer 42

A malignant tumor of the cervix, the lowermost part of the uterus.

Question 43

Endometriosis

Answer 43

A disorder in which tissue that normally lines the uterus grows outside the uterus.

Question 44

Erectile dysfunction

Answer 44

Occurs when a man can't get or keep an erection firm enough for sexual intercourse.

Question 45

Fibrocystic disease

Answer 45

Noncancerous changes that give a breast a lumpy or ropelike texture.

Question 46

Menorrhagia

Answer 46

abnormally heavy bleeding at menstruation.

Question 47

Ovarian cancer

Answer 47

A cancer that begins in the female organs that produce eggs

Question 48

Ovarian cyst

Answer 48

A solid or fluid-filled sac or pocket (cyst) within or on the surface of an ovary.

Question 49

Pelvic inflammatory disease

Answer 49

An infection of the female reproductive organs.

Question 50

Premenstrual syndrome

Answer 50

A group of symptoms that occur in women, typically between ovulation and a period.

Question 51

Prostatitis

Answer 51

Swelling of the small walnut-shaped gland (prostate) that produces seminal fluid.

Question 52

Prostate cancer

Answer 52

A cancer in a man's prostate, a small walnut-shaped gland that produces seminal fluid.

Question 53

Testicular cancer

Answer 53

Cancer in the male organs that make male hormones and sperm

Question 54

Uterine fibroids

Answer 54

Noncancerous growths in the uterus that can develop during a woman's childbearing years.

Question 55

Vulvovaginal candidiasis

Answer 55

A yeast infection of the vagina and tissues at the opening of the vagina