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Flash Cards > Reproductive System Vocab > Flashcards

Reproductive System Vocab Flashcards

0
Q

Conjoined twins

A

Two babies born physically connected to each other.

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1
Q

Circumcision

A

A surgical procedure in which the prepuce is removed, typically within days of birth.

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2
Q

Diploid cell

A

A cell marked by the presence of a double complement of genetic material

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3
Q

Ectopic pregnancy

A

Implantation of an embryo outside of the uterus

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4
Q

Ejaculation

A

The release of seminal fluid through the urethra

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5
Q

Embryo

A

Developing human between weeks 3-8

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6
Q

Erection

A

The stiffening of the penis during sexual arousal

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7
Q

Estrogen

A

play an important role in the development of the female reproductive system, regulation of the menstrual cycle, the development of female secondary sex characteristics, and the maintenance of pregnancy.

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8
Q

Fertilization

A

Unification of genetic material from male and female haploid gametes

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9
Q

Fetus

A

Developing human during the time from the end of the embryonic period to birth

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10
Q

Fraternal twins

A

two eggs are fertilized by two sperm and produce two genetically unique children.

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11
Q

Gamete

A

Haploid reproductive cell that contributes genetic material to form an offspring

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12
Q

Gonads

A

Reproductive organs that produce genetic and reproductive organs

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13
Q

Haploid cell

A

A cell containing half of the genetic material needed to form a human being

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14
Q

Identical twins

A

One fertilised egg splits and develops into two babies with exactly the same genetic information

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15
Q

Implantation

A

Process by which a blastocyst embeds itself in the uterine endometrium

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16
Q

Mammary glands

A

Glands inside the breast that secrete milk

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17
Q

Meiosis

A

Meiosis is a process where a single cell divides twice to produce four cells containing half the original amount of genetic information.

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18
Q

Menarche

A

First menstruation in a pubertal female

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19
Q

Menopause

A

A natural decline in reproductive hormones when a woman reaches her 40s or 50s.

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20
Q

Oocyte

A

Cell that results from the division of the oogonium and undergoes meiosis I at the LH surge and meiosis II at fertilization to become a haploid ovum

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21
Q

Oogenesis

A

Process by which oogonia divide by mitosis to primary oocytes, which undergo meiosis to produce the secondary oocyte and, upon fertilization, the ovum

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22
Q

Ovarian cycle

A

Approximately 28-day cycle of changes in the ovary consisting of a follicular phase and a luteal phase

23
Q

Ovaries

A

Female gonads that produce oocytes and sex steroid hormones

24
Q

Ovulation

A

Release of secondary oocyte and associated granulosa cells from and ovary

25
Q

Ovum

A

Haploid female gamete resulting from completion of meiosis II and fertilization

26
Q

Polar body

A

Smaller cell produced during the process of meiosis in oogenesis

27
Q

Pregnancy

A

A nine month process of making a human child

28
Q

Progesterone

A

Predominately female sex hormone important in regulating the female reproductive cycle and the maintenance of pregnancy

29
Q

Puberty

A

Life stage during which a male or female adolescent becomes anatomically and physically capable of reproduction

30
Q

Semen

A

Ejaculatory fluid composed of sperm and secretions from seminal vesicles, prostate, and bulbourethral glands

31
Q

Sperm

A

Male gamete

32
Q

Spermatid

A

Immature sperm cells produced by meiosis II of secondary spermatocytes

33
Q

Spermatocyte

A

Cell that results from the division of spermatogonium and undergoes meiosis I and meiosis II to form spermatids

34
Q

Spermatogenesis

A

Formation of new sperms, occurs in the seminiferous tubules of the testes

35
Q

Spermiogenesis

A

Transformation of spermatids to spermatozoa during spermatogenesis

36
Q

Testes

A

Male gonads

37
Q

Testosterone

A

Steroid hormone secreted by the male testes and important in the maturation of sperm cells, growth and development of the male reproductive system, and development of male secondary sex characteristics

38
Q

Uterine cycle

A

Approximately 28-day cycle of changes in the uterus consisting of menses phase, a proliferative phase, and a secretory phase

39
Q

Zygote

A

Fertilized egg; a diploid cell resulting from fertilization of haploid gametes from the male and female lines

40
Q

Amenorrhea

A

An abnormal absence of menstruation

41
Q

Breast cancer

A

A cancer that forms in the cells of the breasts.

42
Q

Cervical cancer

A

A malignant tumor of the cervix, the lowermost part of the uterus.

43
Q

Endometriosis

A

A disorder in which tissue that normally lines the uterus grows outside the uterus.

44
Q

Erectile dysfunction

A

Occurs when a man can’t get or keep an erection firm enough for sexual intercourse.

45
Q

Fibrocystic disease

A

Noncancerous changes that give a breast a lumpy or ropelike texture.

46
Q

Menorrhagia

A

abnormally heavy bleeding at menstruation.

47
Q

Ovarian cancer

A

A cancer that begins in the female organs that produce eggs

48
Q

Ovarian cyst

A

A solid or fluid-filled sac or pocket (cyst) within or on the surface of an ovary.

49
Q

Pelvic inflammatory disease

A

An infection of the female reproductive organs.

50
Q

Premenstrual syndrome

A

A group of symptoms that occur in women, typically between ovulation and a period.

51
Q

Prostatitis

A

Swelling of the small walnut-shaped gland (prostate) that produces seminal fluid.

52
Q

Prostate cancer

A

A cancer in a man’s prostate, a small walnut-shaped gland that produces seminal fluid.

53
Q

Testicular cancer

A

Cancer in the male organs that make male hormones and sperm

54
Q

Uterine fibroids

A

Noncancerous growths in the uterus that can develop during a woman’s childbearing years.

55
Q

Vulvovaginal candidiasis

A

A yeast infection of the vagina and tissues at the opening of the vagina

Flash Cards (15 decks)

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