Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Flash Cards > Neuro unit > Flashcards

Neuro unit Flashcards

0
Q

Astrocyte

A

Glial cell type of the CNS that provides support for neurons and maintains the blood-brain barrier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Action Potential

A

Change in voltage of a cell membrane in response to a stimulus that results in transmission of an electrical signal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Autonomic nervous system

A

Functional division of the nervous system that is responsible for homeostatic reflexes that coordinate control of cardiac and smooth muscle, as well as glandular tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Axon terminal

A

End of an axon where there are usually several branches extending toward the target cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Axon

A

Single process of the neuron that carries an electrical signal away from the cell body toward a target cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Bipolar

A

Shape of a neuron with two processes extending from the neuron cell body the axon and one dendrite

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cell body (soma)

A

In neurons, that portion of the cell that contains the nucleus, the cell body, as opposed the the cell processes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Central Nervous System (CNS)

A

Anatomical division of the nervous system located within a cranial and vertebral cavities, namely the brain and spinal cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Dendrite

A

One of many branchlike processes that extends from the neuron cell body and functions as a contact for incoming signals from other neurons or censors cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Depolarization

A

Change in a cell membrane potential from rest toward zero

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Ependymal cell

A

Glial type cell in the CNS responsible for producing cerebrospinal fluid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ganglion

A

Localized collection of neuron cell bodies in the PNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Glial cell

A

One of the various types of neural tissue cells responsible for maintenance of the tissue, and largely responsible for supporting neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Graded potential

A

Change in the membrane potential that varies in size depending on the size of the stimulus that elicits it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Gray matter

A

Regions of the nervous system containing cell bodies of neurons with few or no myelinated axons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Excitable membrane

A

Cell membrane that regulates the movement of ions so that an electrical signal can be generated

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Integration

A

Nervous system function that combines sensory perceptions and higher cognitive functions to produce a response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Interneuron

A

Connect sensory and motor divisions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Microglia

A

Glial type cell in the CNS that serves as resident component of the immune system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Membrane potential

A

The difference in voltage measured across a cell membrane under steady-state conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Motor neuron

A

Carries impulses from the CNS to viscera, muscles, or glands

21
Q

Multipolar

A

Shape of a neuron that has multiple processes ( the axon and two or more dendrites)

22
Q

Myelin

A

A lipid-rich insulating substance surrounding the neuron, allowing faster transmission of electrical signals

23
Q

Myelin sheath

A

Lipid rich layer the surrounds an axon formed by oligodendrocytes in the CNS and Schwann cells in the PNS; facilitates the transmission of electrical signals

24
Q

Nerve

A

Cord like bundle of axons located in the PNS that transmits sensory input and response output to and from the CNS

25
Q

Neuron

A

Neural tissue cell that is primarily responsible for generating and propagating electrical signals into, within, and out of the nervous system

26
Q

Neurotransmitter

A

Chemical signal that is released from the synaptic end bulb of a neuron to cause a change in the target cell

27
Q

Node of Ranvier

A

Gap between two myelinated regions of an axon, allowing for strengthening of electrical signals as it propagates down the axon

28
Q

Nucleus

A

A localized collection of neuron cell bodies that are functionally related, a “center” of a neural function

29
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

Division of the autonomic nervous system responsible for restful and digestive functions

30
Q

PNS (peripheral nervous system)

A

Anatomical division of the nervous system that is largely outside the cranial and vertebral cavities, namely all parts except for the brain and spinal cord

31
Q

Pøłārîźęd

A

More positive ions outside than inside the membrane

32
Q

Process

A

An extension of the cell body includes axon and dendrites

33
Q

Propagation

A

Movement of an action potential along the length of an axon

34
Q

Receptor

A

Graded potential in a specialized sensory cell that directly causes the release

35
Q

Receptor

A

A cell that transduces environmental stimuli into neural signals

36
Q

Reflex arc

A

Circuit of a reflex that invoices a sensory input and motor output and an integrating center to connect the two branches

37
Q

Refractory period

A

Time after the initiation of an action potential when another action potential cannot be generated

38
Q

Repolarization

A

Return of the membrane potential to its normal negative voltage at the end of the action potential

39
Q

Satellite cell

A

Glial cell type in the PNS that provides support for neurons in the ganglia

40
Q

Schwann cell

A

Glial cell type in the PNS that provides myelin insulation for axons in the nerves

41
Q

Sensory neuron

A

Nerve fibers that carry information to the CNS

42
Q

Somatic nervous system

A

Functional division of nervous system that is concerned with conscious perception

43
Q

Stimulus

A

An event in the external or internal environment that registers as an activity in the sensory neuron

44
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

Division of the autonomic nervous system associated with the fight or flight response

45
Q

Synapse

A

Narrow junction across which a chemical signal passes from one neuron to the next, initiating a new electrical signal in the target cell

46
Q

Threshold

A

Membrane voltage at which an action potential is initiated

47
Q

Tract

A

Bundle of axons in the CNS having the same function and point of origin

48
Q

Unipolar

A

Shape of a neuron which has only one process that includes the axon and dendrites

49
Q

White matter

A

Regions of the nervous system containing mostly myelinated axons, making the tissue appear white because of the high lipid content of myelin

Flash Cards (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions