Reproductive System Flashcards
In the ovary, the cortex contains
follices
The medulla in the ovary is
vascularized
Granulosa cells secrete
estrogen
What makes follicles mature
estrogen and FSH
Ovulation is triggered by
LH
Primordial follicle
- found in superficial cortex
- Oocyte surrounded by simple squamous epithelium
- Oocyte in prophase of first meiotic division
Unimlaminar primary follice
- beginning in puberty, FSH from pituitary stimulates process of follicular growth
- Oocyte surrounded by simple cuboidal
Multilaminar primary follice(growing follicle)
- Follicular cells proliferate
- Oocyte surrounded by stratified cuboidal epithelium (granulosa)
- Zona pellucida appears between oocyte and first layerof granulosa cells
Glycoprotein coat initiates
acrosome reaction (ZP3 and ZP4 sprem receptors)
Interstitial cells
differentiate into theca folliculi
Granulosa cells accumulate
liqur folliculi
Granulosa
- creates fluid filled chamber = antrum
- Converts androgens to estradiol via aromatase
theca folliculi is seperated from the granulosa by
basement membrane
Theca folliculi layers
- theca interna
- theca externa
theca interna
endocrine tissue that secretes androgens
converts to estradiol, returned and secreted into blood
Theca externa
connective tissue and smooth muscle
Oocyte surrounded by several layers of granulosa cells
corona radiata
Oocyte in the antrum is suspended by
cumulusoophorus
in ovulation, the response from a surge of LH
- oocyte in mature follie completes first meiotic division, arrested in metaphase II
- Granulosa cells produce prostaglandins/hyaluronan, ovarian wall weaks
- mature follicle rupture and releases ovum together with coronaradiata
ruptured follicle fills with blood
corpus hemorrhagicum
what is the central clot later replaced with
dense connective tissue
Granulosa lutein cells secrete
progesterone and estrogen
theca lutein cells secrete
androgens and progesterone
After 14 days of absence of pregnancy, the corpus luteum
degenerates
No LH
no pregnancy
Decreased progesterone
leads to menstruation
dense connective scar
corpus albicans
follicles thatfail to mature, die via
atresia
Fimbriae
swepts ovum into oviduct
Oviduct
- 3 layered tube to provide environment for fertilization and groeth
- Folded mucosa, muscularis, serosa
Epithelium contains what type of cells
- Ciliated cells (beat towards uterus)
- Peg
What are Peg cells
They secrete factors that activate sperm and provide nutrition and protection for ovum or zygote
Where does fertilization usually occur
in the ampulla
What the endometrium composed of in the uterus
Functionalis and Basalis
What does the functionalis layer do
it sheds during menstruation
What does the Basalis layer do
remains after menstruation and contains bases of glands
What is the functionalis supplied by
coiled arteries that are progesterone sensitive
What is the proliferative stage stimulated by
estrogen
What sitmulates the epithelial cells of the corpus luteum
progesterone
Epithelium of endocerix at birth
stratified squamous non-keratinized
at the transformation zone, what is happening
columnar epithelium in the endocervix is being replaced by stratified squamous epithelium from the ectocervix
What cause epithelial cells to synthesize glycogen in the vagina
estrogen
what role do sertoli cells have
physically and metabolically suport developing sperm
form blood-testes barrier
What cell produces sperm
spermatogenic cells
what cells produce androgens
leydig cells
what is the epididymis lined with
pseudostratified columnar epithelium
where does sperm undergo final maturation
epididymis
what does the seminal vesicle contribute
- 70% of volume
- Fructose
- Prostaglandins
- Fibrinogen
Prostate gland
secrete proteolytic enzymes , composed of zinc, citric acid and acid phosphatase
Prostate:Transition zone
mucosal glands
Prostate: Central zone
submucosal glands
Prostate: Peripheral zone
main glands
