Graded Potentials and Synaptic Communication

Question 1

Resistance

Answer 1

Opposition to the passage of electrical current

Question 2

Current

Answer 2

The flow of electrical forces

Question 3

Voltage

Answer 3

the electric potential difference, directly proportional to the current

Question 4

Ohm’s Law

Answer 4

Current=Voltage/resistance

Question 5

Spatial Summation

Answer 5

The collective activity of multiple graded potentials generated by different presynaptic neurons

Question 6

Summation

Answer 6

THe collective graded potentials that can depolarize the membrane to trigger an action potentail. Can be spatial or temporal

Question 7

Temporal Summation

Answer 7

The repeated activity of graded potentials from the same presynaptic neuron

Question 8

Receptor/generator potentials

Answer 8

When graded potentials initiate an action potential in a sensory neuron

Question 9

What converts an electrical signal into a chemical one

Answer 9

Pre-synaptic (bouton) of synapse

Question 10

What converts a chemical signal into a graded one

Answer 10

Post synaptic (generally a dendrite

Question 11

Neurexin

Answer 11

specialized protein that binds pre and post synapticneurons

Question 12

Pre-synapse contain

Answer 12

lots of mitochondria, vesicles containing catecholamine and neuropeptide

Question 13

Ca2+

Answer 13

causes vesicle fusion via SNARE proteins and sunsequent expulsion of its contents

Question 14

orthograde transport

Answer 14

from the cell body towards the synaptic boutons

Question 15

Fast transport

Answer 15

400mm/day. moves along microtubules via kinesin and dynein motor proteins

Question 16

Slow trasnport

Answer 16

1-10 mm/day cytosolic and cell structural proteins. not slowbut less constant

Question 17

Retrograde transport

Answer 17

from thesynaptic boutons to cell body. substances taken in by endocytosis. 200mm/day