Reproductive System Flashcards
(136 cards)
What is the Estrous Cycle?
the time from the beginning of one heat period to the beginning of the next
When is the Onset of Puberty?
6-24 months
What is the average Breeding Age?
9-10 months
What are the Follicular Phases?
- proestrus
- estrus
What are the Luteal Phases?
- diestrus
- anestrus
What are the stages of the Estrous Cycle?
- proestrus
- estrus
- metestrus
- diestrus
- anestrus
What is Proestrus?
the period when the bitch is sexually attractive, but rejects the males advances
What are the physical signs of Proestrus?
- serosanguinous vaginal discharge
- vulvar swelling
- vaginal edema
What are the internal physical signs of Proestrus?
- lengthening and hyperemia of uterine horns
- enlargement of cervix
- thickening of vaginal wall
What are the hormonal signs of Proestrus?
- increasing serum concentrations of estradiol (estrogen)
- as proestrus progresses, estrogen levels begin to peak and initiate the onset of estrus
What are the cytologic signs of Proestrus?
- parabasal cells (predominant)
- intermediate cells (predominant)
- WBC
- RBC
What is the duration of Proestrus?
3-17 days (avg: 9 days)
What is Estrus?
period of acceptance of the male
What are the physical signs of Estrus?
- swollen vulva is less turgid
- vulvar discharge is usually less bloody
- bitch allows mating (standing heat, flagging)
What are the 2 stages in Canine Mating?
- 1st: coitus (1-2 min), the turn (2-5 sec)
- 2nd stage: coitus (5-45 min)
What muscle allows the “turning”?
ischiocavernous muscle
What are the hormonal signs of Estrus?
- estrogen peaks in late proestrus and early estrus
- estrogen peak initiates a surge of LH
- progesterone levels begin to increase toward the end of estrus
What hormone is responsible for maintaining pregnancy?
progesterone
What are the cytologic signs of Estrus?
- anuclear squamous cells
- RBCs
What is the duration of Estrus?
3-21 days (avg: 9 days)
What is Metestrus?
period after ovulation when corpus luteum develops
What are the internal signs of Metestrus?
- lining of uterus is thick and juicy in preparation for implantation of fertilized ovum
- loss of cornified epithelial lining that developed
What is Diestrus?
- period where corpus luteum has reached max size and effectiveness
- begins with bitch’s refusal to mate
What are the physical signs of Diestrus?
none except the cessation of signs of estrus