Reproductive System Flashcards
It is a biological process by which an organism reproduces an offspring that is biologically similar to the organism
Reproduction
What are the two components of procreation
Cells
Hormones
What are the Functions of the Reproductive System
To produce egg and sperm cells
To transport and sustain these cells
To nurture the developing offspring
To produce hormones
Female Reproductive System:
They contain undeveloped eggs which are present from birth, it also make hormones which regulates the menstrual cycle
Ovary
Female Reproductive System:
These are two tubes which connect the ovaries to the uterus, also known as the fallopian tubes
Oviduct
Female Reproductive System:
It is muscular with a soft lining, a fertilized egg can implant to its walls and develop from an embryo to a baby
Uterus
Female Reproductive System:
It is the lowest part of the uterus, it allows sperm to enter the menstrual blood to exit
Cervix
Female Reproductive System:
It is a muscular tube which connects the cervix outside the body
Vagina
Male Reproductive System:
It is used for both urination and sexual intercourse, and it also contains a urethra
Penis
Male Reproductive System:
It makes the sperm cells and hormones
Testes
Male Reproductive System:
It is a retractable fold of skin which covers the end of the penis
Foreskin
Male Reproductive System:
It serves as a bag that contains the testes
Scrotum
Male Reproductive System:
It is a hollow tube which transports urine from the bladder to outside the body
Urethra
Male Reproductive System:
It transports sperm away from the testes where sperm is made
Sperm Duct
Male Reproductive System:
They produce fluids to mix with the sperm which supply the sperm with nutrients and help regulate urine flow
Glands
Male Reproductive System:
It temporarily stores urine in the body
Bladder
What are the two types of Reproduction
Asexual
Sexual
Two types of Reproduction:
New offspring is produced by a single parent and identical to each other
Asexual
Two types of Reproduction:
The genetic material of two individuals combines to produce offspring that are genetically different from their parents
Sexual
What are the Six types of Asexual Reproduction
Fragmentation
Parthenogenesis
Regeneration
Binary Fission
Budding
Multi Fission
Types of Asexual Reproduction:
Organism duplicates its DNA then it divides into two new ones
ex: Amoeba and Cyanobacteria
Binary Fission
Types of Asexual Reproduction:
Organism duplicates its DNA then divides it into more than two organisms
ex: Sporozoans and Algae
Multi Fission
Types of Asexual Reproduction:
Organism produces offspring as an outgrowth on its surface, then cuts it off to live independently
ex: Hydra
Budding
Types of Asexual Reproduction:
Organism that splits itself into pieces, then the pieces regenerates to become full new offspring
ex: Planaria
Fragmentation
Types of Asexual Reproduction:
Organism that is able to fertilize its own egg cell through ovum modifications
ex: Nematodes and Water Fleas
Parthenogenesis
Types of Asexual Reproduction:
It is similar to Budding and Fragmentation, body part is cut off and regenerates to form a new offspring
ex: Geckos and Planaria
Regeneration
What are the two types of Sexual Reproduction
Syngamy
Conjugation
Types of Sexual Reproduction:
The fusion of two cells or their genetic material for procreation
ex: Humans and most Animals
Syngamy
Types of Asexual Reproduction:
Process of which bacterium transfers genetic material to another through direct contact
ex: Hypotrichs
Conjugation
It is the use of advanced reproductive technologies, such as artificial insemination
Artificial Reproduction
Artificial Reproduction:
It involves the introduction of sperm into a woman’s reproductive tract through noncoital means
Artificial Insemination
Artificial Reproduction:
It is a complex process of retrieving and manually combining an egg and sperm cell in a laboratory for fertilization
In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)
Artificial Reproduction:
It is a form of IVF, a Micropipette is used to inject a single sperm cell into an egg cell
Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI)
Artificial Reproduction:
It is a process of helping to become pregnant, it uses frozen embryos (fertilized eggs)
Frozen Embryo Transfer (FET)
Artificial Reproduction:
It boosts pregnancy chances by placing specially prepared sperm directly in the uterus
Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)
It is the joining of an egg and a sperm inside a woman’s reproductive system
Fertilization
What are the two types of Fertilization
Internal Fertilization
External Fertilization
Three types of Internal Fertilization
Oviparity
Ovoviviparity
Viviparity
Three types of Internal Fertilization:
Eggs are laid outside the body
ex: Birds and Frogs
Oviparity
Three types of Internal Fertilization:
Eggs are held inside the body
ex: Sharks and Rays
Ovoviviparity
Three types of Internal Fertilization:
Fertilization is developed within the body followed by live birth
ex: Humans and Cows
Viviparity
It usually requires a water body for successful fertilization, sperm and eggs are released outside the fertilize outside
ex: Salmon, Trout fish and Codfish
External Fertilization
What do you call an organism that has two reproductive organ
Hermaphrodite
What are the two types of Hermaphrodite
Sequential Hermaphrodite
Simultaneous Hermaphroditism
Type of Hermaphrodite:
It is an organism that is born as one sex and may change sex later in life
Sequential Hermaphrodite
Type of Hermaphrodite:
It is an organism that has two (male & female) Reproductive organ present through its life
Simultaneous Hermaphroditism
Two types of Sequential Hermaphrodite
Protogyny
Protandry
Two types of Sequential Hermaphrodite:
Female to Male
Protogyny
Two types of Sequential Hermaphrodite:
Male to Female
Protandry
