Endocrine System

Question 1

It is the process by which cells excrete waste and other large molecules from the cytoplasm to the cell exterior

Answer 1

Exocytosis

Question 2

This is where exocytosis releases the secretion into the bloodstream or surrounding extracellular fluid

Answer 2

Endocrine Glands

Question 3

This is where exocytosis releases the secretion into a duct that carries secretion to a surface such as skin

Answer 3

Exocrine Glands

Question 4

Functions of the Endocrine System:

Answer 4

Metabolism
Heart rate and blood pressure regulation
Tissue Development
Ion Regulation
Water Balance
Control of food intake and digestion

Question 5

Organs in the Endocrine System:

Answer 5

Hypothalamus
Thymus
Heart
Kidneys
Stomach
Small Intestine
Liver
Adipose Tissue
Ovaries
Testes

Question 6

Its primary function is to secrete their hormones directly into the surrounding fluid

Answer 6

Endocrine Glands

Question 7

It is a structure that regulates hormone secretion, and is located in the brain

Answer 7

Hypothalamus

Question 8

It is a small, pea sized endocrine gland located at the base of the brain produce and releases several hormones that help carry out important bodily functions

ex: Growth, Metabolism

Answer 8

Pituitary Gland

Question 9

It is composed of Glandular Tissue, it produces and secretes several hormones

Answer 9

Anterior Pituitary Gland

Question 10

What are the six major hormones that the Anterior Pituitary Gland produces:

Answer 10

Growth Hormone
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone
Follicle Stimulating Hormone
Luteinizing Hormone
Prolactin

Question 11

Six Major Hormones that are produced by the Pituitary Gland:

Stimulates Growth and Cell Production

Answer 11

Growth Hormone

Question 12

Six Major Hormones that are produced by the Pituitary Gland:

Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones

Answer 12

Thyroid Stimulating Hormones

Question 13

Six Major Hormones that are produced by the Pituitary Gland:

Stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce cortisol

Answer 13

Adrenocorticotropic Hormones

Question 14

Six Major Hormones that are produced by the Pituitary Gland:

Stimulates ovarian follicle development and sperm production

Answer 14

Follicle Stimulating Hormone

Question 15

Six Major Hormones that are produced by the Pituitary Gland:

It triggers ovulation and stimulates testosterone production

Answer 15

Luteinizing Hormone

Question 16

Six Major Hormones that are produced by the Pituitary Gland:

Promotes milk production in breastfeeding

Answer 16

Prolactin

Question 17

It is composed of nervous tissue, it does not produce hormones but stores and releases hormones made by the hypothalamus

Answer 17

Posterior Pituitary Gland

Question 18

These are signaling molecules released into the bloodstream, it can reach most cells and have a widespread neurons

Answer 18

Hormones

Question 19

Three types of Hormones:

Answer 19

Steroid Hormones
Amine Hormones
Peptide and Protein Hormones

Question 20

Three Types of Hormones:

It is derived from cholesterol and can pass through cell membranes

Answer 20

Steroid Hormones

Question 21

Three Types of Hormones:

It is derived from amino acids

ex: epinephrine and thyroxine

Answer 21

Amine Hormones

Question 22

Three Types of Hormones:

It is made up of chains of amino acids

ex: insulin and growth hormone

Answer 22

Peptide and Protein Hormones

Question 23

It helps control when we feel awake or sleepy, plays a role in our body’s internal clock, it produces melatonin

Answer 23

Pineal Gland

Question 24

It controls the energy use and helps keep calcium levels balanced in the body, found in the surfaces of trachea

Answer 24

Thyroid Glands

Question 25

It controls the blood calcium levels, which are important for muscle and nerve function

Answer 25

Parathyroid Glands

Question 26

It is mostly found in infants, it is responsible for secreting thymosins, it helps train and develop immune cells that defend the body in the early stages of life

Answer 26

Thymus

Question 27

It produces insulin and glucagon, it helps maintain balanced blood sugar levels, which is essential for energy

Answer 27

Pancreas

Question 28

It helps control stress responses, blood pressure, and energy use in the body

Answer 28

Adrenal Glands

Question 29

It produces testosterone and other hormones important for male reproductive functions

Answer 29

Testes

Question 30

It produces estrogen and progesterone, which regulates the female reproductive functions

Answer 30

Ovaries

Question 31

These cells release a hormone called bursicon, which is involved in hardening and darkening of cuticle

Answer 31

Neurosecretory Cells

Question 32

They help control the insects heartbeat and the level of trehalose

Answer 32

Corpora Cardiaca

Question 33

It is a type of sugar in an insects blood

Answer 33

Trehalose

Question 34

It produces juvenile hormone which is crucial for regulating an insects development

Answer 34

Corpora Allata

Question 35

These are vital for regulating growth and metamorphosis in insects through production of ecdysone

Answer 35

Prothoracic Glands

Question 36

it is an active form and stimulates metamorphosis and regulates molting in insects

Answer 36

Ecdysone

Question 37

Examples of Disorders:

Answer 37

Diabetes Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Addisons Disease Hypothyroidism

Question 38

What are the two types of hormone receptors: For hormones that cannot enter the cell, the receptor is in the cell surface ex: Insulin

Answer 38

Cell Surface Receptor

Question 39

What are the two types of hormone receptors: For hormones that can enter cells the receptor is inside the cell ex: Steroid Hormones

Answer 39

Intercellular Receptor

Question 40

It is a hormone released during stress or danger, it prepares the body to respond

Answer 40

Adrenaline (Epinephrine)

Question 41

This hormone is also known as the stress hormone it helps the body respond to stress

Answer 41

Cortisol

Question 42

This hormone controls the metabolism, energy use, and growth

Answer 42

Thyroxine

Question 43

This hormone is produced by the pancreas, it regulates blood sugar levels by allowing cells to absorb glucose

Answer 43

Insulin

Question 44

This hormone regulates water balance and blood pressure

Answer 44

Antidiuretic Hormone

Question 45

Functions of the Hypothalamus:

Answer 45

Homeostasis Hormonal Control Emotions and Behavior Autonomic Nervous System Regulation

Question 46

Three types of Endocrine Cells: This secretes Glucagon

Answer 46

Alpha Cells

Question 47

Three types of Endocrine Cells: This secretes insulin

Answer 47

Beta Cells

Question 48

Three types of Endocrine Cells: It inhibits both the secretion of glucagon and insulin

Answer 48

Delta Cells