Reproductive System

Question 1

Testes

Answer 1

primary reproductive organs that produce sperm and testosterone

Question 2

seminiferous tubules

Answer 2

structure where sperm are produced (spermatogenesis)

Question 3

epididymis

Answer 3

stores and matures sperm

Question 4

ductus/vas deferens

Answer 4

transports sperm to ejaculatory ducts

Question 5

ejactulatory ducts

Answer 5

where ductus deferens and seminal vesicle meet

Question 6

semen

Answer 6

combination of sperm cells and fluids from accessory glands

Question 7

accessory glands

Answer 7

• seminal vesicles
• cowpers gland
  -prostate gland

Question 8

seminal vesicles

Answer 8

produces fluid containing sugar fructose, which provides energy for sperm

Question 9

prostate gland

Answer 9

produces milky, alkaline fluid to neutralize urine in the urethra

Question 10

cowpers gland

Answer 10

secretes pre-ejaculate which lubricates urethra and neutralizes acidity from urine in urethra

Question 11

ovaries

Answer 11

produce eggs and hormones (estrogen and progesterone)

Question 12

oviduct

Answer 12

connected to ovaries with through fimbriae which catch the ovum and then they travel through the oviduct to the uterus. where fertilization usually occurs.

Question 13

uterus

Answer 13

holds and nourishes developing fetus

Question 14

endometrium

Answer 14

inner lining of uterus. thickens during menstrual cycle and sheds if ovum is not fertilized.

Question 15

Viral STI’s

Answer 15

-HIV
-AIDS
-HPV
-genital herpes
-hepatitis B

Question 16

Bacterial STI’s

Answer 16

-Syphilis
-Gonorrhea
-Chlamydia

Question 17

Testosterone

Answer 17

promote sperm formation and secondary sexual characteristics

Question 18

estrogen

Answer 18

stimulates uterine lining growth during the first half of the menstrual cycle and promotes secondary sexual characteristics

Question 19

progesterone

Answer 19

promotes growth of uterine lining during the second half of the menstrual cycle and prevents uterine contraction

Question 20

GnRH

Answer 20

stimulates LH and FSH

Question 21

FSH

Answer 21

stimulates development of sex organs and gametes in both men and women

Question 22

LH

Answer 22

stimulates production of testosterone in men and in women, stimulates estrogen production and triggers ovulation.

Question 23

inhibin

Answer 23

inhibits FSH

Question 24

spermatogenesis

Answer 24

production of sperm cells. process including mitosis and meiosis which results in four mature sperm per spermatogonia

Question 25

Oogenesis

Answer 25

production of egg cells. process pauses before puberty and once again before fertilization. results in one ovum and three useless polar bodies per oogonium.

Question 26

negative feedback system for sperm production

Answer 26

hypothalamus - (GnRH) > Anterior pituitary - (FSH) > seminiferous tubules (inhibin) >sperm production

Question 27

negative feedback loop for testosterone

Answer 27

hypothalamus - (GnRH) > Anterior pituitary - (LH) > seminiferous tubules (interstitial cells) > testosterone

Question 28

feedback loop for estrogen

Answer 28

hypothalamus - (GnRH) > anterior pituitary - (FSH) > ovary (follicle) > estrogen (follicle development)

Question 29

feedback loop for progesterone

Answer 29

hypothalamus - (GnRH) > Anterior pituitary - (LH) > Ovary (corpus luteum) > progesterone (and triggers ovulation)

Question 30

duration difference between spermatogenesis and oogenesis

Answer 30

spermatogenesis- produced in 64-72 days oogenesis- follows 28 day cycle

Question 31

end product differences between spermatogenesis and oogenesis

Answer 31

men- millions of sperm produced daily women- one egg per 28 days

Question 32

what are days 1-5 of the menstrual cycle?

Answer 32

the early follicular phase and the menstrual phase

Question 33

what are days 6-13 of the menstrual cycle

Answer 33

late follicular phase and proliferative phase

Question 34

what is day 14 of the menstrual cycle

Answer 34

ovulation and continuous thickening through the proliferative phase

Question 35

what are days 15-28

Answer 35

luteal phase + corpus bitch degeneration, and secretory phase (rapid thickening and breakdown of lining)

Question 36

andropause

Answer 36

gradual decline in testosterone levels around age 40 (results in reduced sperm production and tiny balls)

Question 37

menopause

Answer 37

decline in functioning follicles around age 50. end of fertility caused by drop in hormone levels.