Reproductive System

Question 1

Prostate shape, size and appearance (4)

Answer 1

• size of kiwifruit
• mass of 7-16g
• base (superior surface) and apex (inferior surface)
• smooth capsule surface

Question 2

Prostate Location (3)

Answer 2

• male pelvic region
• midline and deep in pelvis
• close to pelvic floor

Question 3

Prostate Zones (3)

Answer 3

• transitional (surrounds urethra)
• central (surrounds ejaculatrory ducts
• peripheral (wraps lateral and posterior surfaces)

Question 4

Prostate relations (4)

Answer 4

• superior = urinary bladder
• inferior = urethra
• anterior = pubic symphysis
• posterior = rectum

Question 5

Prostate blood supply + drainage (2)

Answer 5

• supply = inferior vesicle arteries
• drainage = visceral venous plexus to internal iliac veins

Question 6

Prostate Lymphatics (3)

Answer 6

• obturator nodes
• external illiac nodes
• internal illiac nodes

Question 7

Uterus Location (2)

Answer 7

• female pelvis (midline, true)
• expansion due to pregnancy into false pelvis and abdomen

Question 8

Uterus shape, size and appearance (5)

Answer 8

• 7.5cm long, 5cm wide
• pear shaped
• rounded fundus (fallopian tubes attach)
• cervix inserts into vagina
• smooth surface

Question 9

Uterus Ligaments (5)

Answer 9

• ligaments keep stable position without restricting
• broad ligament = attaches to pelvis bones
• uterosacral ligament = attaches to sacral bones
• cardinal ligaments = attach cervix to pelvic bones
• round ligaments = attach to vulva

Question 10

Uterus Relations (4)

Answer 10

-Anterior = small intestine
- posterior = rectum
- inferior = urinary bladder
- lateral = pelvis bones

Question 11

Uterus Blood supply and drainage (4)

Answer 11

• complex
• supply = uterine arteries + ovarian arteries
• drainage = venous return by ovarian veins

Question 12

Uterus Lymphatic drainage (4)

Answer 12

• complex
• upper = paraaortic nodes
• lower = external iliac nodes
• can expand during pregnancy

Question 13

Breast location (4)

Answer 13

• paired structures
• external structures attached to anterior chest wall
• 2nd to 6th ribs (sup/inf border)
• lateral edge of sternum to mid axilla axis (lat border)

Question 14

Breast shape, size, appearance (5)

Answer 14

• hemispherical shape
• raised area = nipple
• areola = pigmented area around nipple
• vary greatly in size
• tissue extends obliquely into axilla (tail)

Question 15

Breast Relations (3)

Answer 15

• posterior = anterior chest wall
• medial = sternum
• lateral = axilla

Question 16

Breast Blood Supply and drainage (2)

Answer 16

• medial supply/drainage = internal thoracic
• lateral supply/drainage = axillary

Question 17

Breast Lymphatic drainage (3)

Answer 17

• complex
• divided into lateral and medial drainage
• strong connection to axillary and upper limb drainage

Question 18

Uterus 3 layers

Answer 18

• endometrium (mucosa of variable thickness due to cycle)
• myometrium (thick smooth muscular layer)
• perimetrium (visceral layer of peritoneum)

Question 19

Perimetrium construction + function (3)

Answer 19

-functions as encasing capsule
- outer epithelial layer
- supported by connective tissue layer

Question 20

Myometrium construction + function (4)

Answer 20

• functions to allow for stretching to accommodate fetus and contraction for delivery
• outer longituadally arranged muscle fibers
• middle circularly arranged muscle fibers
• deep longituadally arranged muscle fibers

Question 21

Endometrium construction + function (3)

Answer 21

• functions to change in thickness as part of menstral cycle
• permanent layer of simple columnar epithelium (stratum basalis)
• changing layer of stratum functionalis

Question 22

Uterus internal blood distribution (3)

Answer 22

• main supply is rich
• up to 3 orders of branching
• smallest vessels atrophy and regrow on a cyclical basis to build up thicker layer of endometrium

Question 23

Breast construction (5)

Answer 23

• pockets of adipose tissue
• supported and compartmentalized by suspensory ligaments
• 15 - 20 lobes
• lobules contain clusters of alveoli
• ductal network from alveoli draining to nipple