REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Question 1

WHAT HYPOTHALMIC HORMONE CONTRIBUTES TO REGULATION OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM?

Answer 1

GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE

Question 2

FROM WHAT STRUCTURE DOES THE CORPUS LUTEUM ORIGINATE?

Answer 2

TERTIARY FOLLICLE

Question 3

GAMETE

Answer 3

SPECIALIZED SEX CELL WTIH 23 CHROMOSOMES (1/2 THE NUMBER NEEDED IN BODY CELLS - AKA HAPLOID)

FEMALE - OOCYTE
MALE - SPERMATOZOA

Question 4

SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES

Answer 4

COILED TUBING OF SERTOLI CELLS AND SPERMATOGONIA (PREMATURE SPERM) WHERE ALL STAGES OF SPEMR MATURATION OCCUR

Question 5

SERTOLI CELLS

Answer 5

NOURISH AND PROTECT DEVELOPING SPERM

SECRETE: 1) INHIBIN
2) ANDROGEN-BINDING PROTEIN (ABP)

Question 6

BLOOD TESTIS BARRIER

Answer 6

SEPARATES THE INTERSTITIAL PORTION OF THE OF THE TESTIS FROM THE LUMEN OF THE TUBULES

Question 7

LEYDIG CELLS

Answer 7

PRODUCE TESTOSTERONE AKA INTERSTITIAL CELS

Question 8

SPERMATOGENESIS

Answer 8

PRIMARY SPERMATOCYTE UNDERGOES MEIOSIS I AND CREATES (2) SECONDARY SPERMATOCYTES

SECONDARY SPERMATOCYTES UNDERGO MEISIOS II AND CREAT (4) SPERMATIDS

THE SPERMATIDS UNDERGO SPERMIOGENISIS THAT TURNS THEM INTO SPERM CELLS/SPERMATOZOA

Question 9

ACROSOME

Answer 9

A “CAP” THAT COVERS MOST OF THE HEAD OF THE SPERM AND CONTAINS LYSOSOMAL ENZYMES TO AID IN THE PARTICIPATION OF FERTILIZATION

Question 10

GnRH

Answer 10

GONADITROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE RELEASE FROM HYPOTHALAMUS AND DELIVERED TO THE ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND

Question 11

ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND

Answer 11

AFTER RECIEVING GnRH - RELEASES 1) FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE AND 2) LUTENIZING HORMONE

Question 12

FSH - MALE

Answer 12

TARGETS SERTOLI CELLS AND DIRECTLY STIMULATES PRIMARY SPERMATOCYTES TO UNFERGO MEIOSIS I

Question 13

LH - MALE

Answer 13

BINDS TO RECEPTORS ON LEYDIG CELLS AND STIMULATES THE RELEASE OF TESTOSTERONE

ABP (ANDROGEN BINDING PROTEIN) HELPS CONCENTRATE THE TESTOSTERONE WITHIN THE SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES

ONCE TESTOSTERONE REACHES CRITICAL LEVELS - IT WILL BIND TO ANDROGEN RECEPTORS IN HYPOTHALAMUS AND ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND - INHIBITING THE RELEASE OF THEIR RESPECTIVE HORMONES (GnHR / FSH, LH)

Question 14

OVARIAN FOLLICLE

Answer 14

OOCYTES AND THEIR SUPPORTING CELLS - GROW AND DEVELOP IN A PROCESS CALLED FOLLICULOGENESIS WHICH TYPICALLY LEADS TO OVULUATION APPRX EVERY 28 DAYS

Question 15

OOGENESIS

Answer 15

CREATION/DEVELOPMENT OF FEMALE GAMETE

Question 16

FOLLIICULOGENESIS
REMEMBER: WITHIN EACH FOLLICLE IS A PRIMARY OOCYTE

Answer 16

PRIMORDIAL FOLLICLES - SINGLE FLAT LAYER OF SUPPORT CELLS, PRESENT IN FEMALES AT BIRTH

PRIMARY FOLLICLES - SINGLE LAYER OF GRANULOSA CELLS BECOME ACTIVE AND TRANSITION INTO CUBOIDAL SHAPE AS THEY INCREASE IN SIZE AND PROLIFERATE

SECONDARY FOLLICLES - GRANULOSA CELLS DIVIDE FURTHER AND FOLLICLE BECOMES LARGER IN DIAMETER. DEVELOP NEW LAYER OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE CALLED THECA CELLS: ENDOCRINE CELLS THAT PRODUCE ANDROGEN (ANDROSTENEDIONE) THAT IS CONVERTED TO ESTRADIOL BY GRANULOSA CELLS

TERTIARY FOLLICLES - MATURE FOLLICLES - MANY FOLLICLES WILL REACH THIS STAGE AT THE SAME TIME BUT MOST WILL UNDERGO ATRESIA AND THE ONES THAT DO NOT DIE WILL CONTINUE TO GROW UNTIL OVULATION

Question 17

CORPUS LUTEUM

Answer 17

FOLLICULAR CELLS DEVELOPED INTO AFTER OOCYTE IS RELEASED - TEMPORARY ENDOCRINE STRUCTURE

SECRETES PROGESTERONE

Question 18

CORPUS ALBICANS

Answer 18

IF EGG IS NOT FERTILIZED, IT DEGENERATES INTO CORPUS ALBICANS - MASS OF FIBROUS SCAR TISSUE

Question 19

FSH - FEMALE

Answer 19

STIMULATES THE FOLLICLES TO GROW

STIMULATES GRANULOSE AND THECA CELLS TO PRODUVE ESTRADOIL (TYPE OF ESTROGEN)

Question 20

ESTRADOIL

Answer 20

PRODUCES BY THECA AND GRANULOSA CELLS

LARGE AMOUNTS PRODUCED IN THE FOLLICLES INHIBITS THE HYPOTHALAMUS AND PITUITARY TO RELEASE GnRH, LH, AND FSH

TERTIARY FOLLICLES NEED FSH TOO SURVIVE - SO THE DROP IN FSH LEVELS CAYSE MOST TO DIE - ONLY ONE FOLLICLE SURVIVES AND GOES ON TO RELEASE ITS OOCYTE DURING OVULATION

Question 21

WHICH PITUITARY HORMONE CONTRIBUTES TO THE REGULATION OF THE MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM?

Answer 21

FOLLICE-STIMULATING HORMONE

Question 22

WHICH HORMONE STIMULATES LEYDIG CELLS TO PRODUCE TESTOSTERONE?

Answer 22

LUTEINIZING HORMONE

Question 23

WHICH HORMONE INHIBITS FSH AND LH TO ENSURE ONLY ONE MATURE FOLLICLE IS RELEASED PER MENSTRUAL CYCLE

Answer 23

ESTRADIOL

Question 24

WHICH FOLLICLE SECRETES PROGESTERONE?

Answer 24

CORPUS LUTEUM