Reproductive system

Question 1

Where are the follicles located within the ovary?

Answer 1

Outer cortex

Question 2

Where are the follicles located within the ovary?

Answer 2

Outer cortex

Question 3

What is the fibrous outer coat of the ovary called?

Answer 3

Tunica albuginea

Question 4

In which part of the uterine tube does fertilisation occur?

Answer 4

Ampulla (wider part of tube)

Question 5

What is the narrowest part of the uterine tube called?

Answer 5

Isthmus (junction between uterine tube and uterine body)

Question 6

How does the shape of the cervix change after childbirth?

Answer 6

Changes from normal nulliparous to normal parous (slit-shaped)

Question 7

Which type of epithelium lines the cervix?

Answer 7

Squamous

Question 8

What structure holds the uterus in position?

Answer 8

Round ligament

Question 9

What is the vestibule? (human)

Answer 9

Area between the labia where openings for the vagina and urethra are

Question 10

What is the fibrous outer coat of the ovary called?

Answer 10

Tunica albuginea

Question 11

In which part of the uterine tube does fertilisation occur?

Answer 11

Ampulla (wider part of tube)

Question 12

What is the narrowest part of the uterine tube called?

Answer 12

Isthmus (junction between uterine tube and uterine body)

Question 13

How does the shape of the cervix change after childbirth?

Answer 13

Changes from normal nulliparous to normal parous (slit-shaped)

Question 14

Which type of epithelium lines the cervix?

Answer 14

Squamous

Question 15

What structure holds the uterus in position?

Answer 15

Round ligament

Question 16

Which type of epithelium lines the vagina?

Answer 16

Non-keratinised stratified squamous

Question 17

What is the female homologue of the penis?

Answer 17

Clitoris

Question 18

What parts compose the broad ligament?

Answer 18

Mesovarium (around ovary), mesosalpinx (around uterine tube) and mesotrium (around uterus)

Question 19

What is the blood supply to the female reproductive tract?

Answer 19

Ovarian artery (from aorta, around L2) and uterine and vaginal arteries (branch of internal iliac artery)

Question 20

How does a horse ovary differ from humans/other domestic species?

Answer 20

Follicles are in medulla, smooth externally

Question 21

Which class of animal only has one ovary?

Answer 21

Birds and some reptiles

Question 22

What type of uterus do dogs/sheep/pigs/horses have?

Answer 22

Bicornuate (small uterine body with uterine horns)

Question 23

What is the cloaca?

Answer 23

Common opening for excretion/defaecation/copulation in birds and reptiles

Question 24

What is the corpus spongiosum?

Answer 24

• Surrounds urethra
• Forms bulb which attaches to perineal membrane
• Forms glans

Question 25

What is the role of the accessory sex glands? (seminal vesicles and prostate gland)

Answer 25

Produce fluid which is the diluent for sperm

Question 26

What is the 'lifeline' of the testis?

Answer 26

Spermatic cord

Question 27

How do the testis reach their final position?

Answer 27

Migrate through a hole in the abdominal wall called the inguinal canal

Question 28

How long does it take sperm to travel through the epididymis?

Answer 28

12-16 days

Question 29

What are the 3 different parts of the male urethra?

Answer 29

Prostatic, membranous and spongy/penile

Question 30

What are the corpora cavernosa?

Answer 30

- Paired cavernous bodies in the penis - Main erectile bodies of the shaft - Attached to perineal membrane via crura

Question 31

What is the corpus spongiosum?

Answer 31

- Surrounds urethra - Forms bulb which attached to perineal membrane - Forms glans

Question 32

Where do the penile arteries arise from?

Answer 32

Internal pudendal artery (branch of iliac artery)

Question 33

How is genetic sex determined?

Answer 33

Presence of SRY protein (a single transcription factor) - SRY = male

Question 34

Where do the gonads begin to develop embryologically?

Answer 34

Genital (gonadal) ridges

Question 35

What type of epithelium lines the mammary glands?

Answer 35

Cuboidal epithelium (surrounded by myoepithelial cells)

Question 36

How is genetic sex determined?

Answer 36

Presence of SRY protein (a single transcription factor) - SRY = male

Question 37

Where do the gonads begin to develop embryologically?

Answer 37

Genital (gonadal) ridges

Question 38

What type of epithelium lines the mammary glands?

Answer 38

Cuboidal epithelium (surrounded by myoepithelial cells)

Question 39

What is the difference between oestrus and menses?

Answer 39

Oestrus = lining resorbed; menses = lining shed

Question 40

Which animals are induced ovulators?

Answer 40

Cat and rabbits

Question 41

What are the 4 foetal membranes?

Answer 41

Amnion, chorion, allantois and yolk sac

Question 42

What does the foetal placenta develop from?

Answer 42

Foetal chorion and maternal endometrium

Question 43

What is the function of the ductus venosus?

Answer 43

Allows majority of oxygenated blood to bypass liver in the foetus

Question 44

What is the function of the foramen ovale?

Answer 44

Allows oxygenated blood to pass from right to left atrium (bypass pulmonary circulation)

Question 45

What is the function of the ductus arteriosus?

Answer 45

Allows deoxygenated blood to bypass the lungs (connects pulmonary trunk to aorta)

Question 46

What type of epithelium lines the uterine tube?

Answer 46

Ciliated columnar

Question 47

What are the 3 layers of the human uterus?

Answer 47

Perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium