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Anatomy 1B > Reproductive system > Flashcards

Reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

Where are the follicles located within the ovary?

A

Outer cortex

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2
Q

Where are the follicles located within the ovary?

A

Outer cortex

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3
Q

What is the fibrous outer coat of the ovary called?

A

Tunica albuginea

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4
Q

In which part of the uterine tube does fertilisation occur?

A

Ampulla (wider part of tube)

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5
Q

What is the narrowest part of the uterine tube called?

A

Isthmus (junction between uterine tube and uterine body)

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6
Q

How does the shape of the cervix change after childbirth?

A

Changes from normal nulliparous to normal parous (slit-shaped)

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7
Q

Which type of epithelium lines the cervix?

A

Squamous

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8
Q

What structure holds the uterus in position?

A

Round ligament

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9
Q

What is the vestibule? (human)

A

Area between the labia where openings for the vagina and urethra are

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10
Q

What is the fibrous outer coat of the ovary called?

A

Tunica albuginea

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11
Q

In which part of the uterine tube does fertilisation occur?

A

Ampulla (wider part of tube)

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12
Q

What is the narrowest part of the uterine tube called?

A

Isthmus (junction between uterine tube and uterine body)

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13
Q

How does the shape of the cervix change after childbirth?

A

Changes from normal nulliparous to normal parous (slit-shaped)

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14
Q

Which type of epithelium lines the cervix?

A

Squamous

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15
Q

What structure holds the uterus in position?

A

Round ligament

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16
Q

Which type of epithelium lines the vagina?

A

Non-keratinised stratified squamous

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17
Q

What is the female homologue of the penis?

A

Clitoris

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18
Q

What parts compose the broad ligament?

A

Mesovarium (around ovary), mesosalpinx (around uterine tube) and mesotrium (around uterus)

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19
Q

What is the blood supply to the female reproductive tract?

A

Ovarian artery (from aorta, around L2) and uterine and vaginal arteries (branch of internal iliac artery)

20
Q

How does a horse ovary differ from humans/other domestic species?

A

Follicles are in medulla, smooth externally

21
Q

Which class of animal only has one ovary?

A

Birds and some reptiles

22
Q

What type of uterus do dogs/sheep/pigs/horses have?

A

Bicornuate (small uterine body with uterine horns)

23
Q

What is the cloaca?

A

Common opening for excretion/defaecation/copulation in birds and reptiles

24
Q

What is the corpus spongiosum?

A
  • Surrounds urethra
  • Forms bulb which attaches to perineal membrane
  • Forms glans
25
Q

What is the role of the accessory sex glands? (seminal vesicles and prostate gland)

A

Produce fluid which is the diluent for sperm

26
Q

What is the ‘lifeline’ of the testis?

A

Spermatic cord

27
Q

How do the testis reach their final position?

A

Migrate through a hole in the abdominal wall called the inguinal canal

28
Q

How long does it take sperm to travel through the epididymis?

A

12-16 days

29
Q

What are the 3 different parts of the male urethra?

A

Prostatic, membranous and spongy/penile

30
Q

What are the corpora cavernosa?

A
  • Paired cavernous bodies in the penis
  • Main erectile bodies of the shaft
  • Attached to perineal membrane via crura
31
Q

What is the corpus spongiosum?

A
  • Surrounds urethra
  • Forms bulb which attached to perineal membrane
  • Forms glans
32
Q

Where do the penile arteries arise from?

A

Internal pudendal artery (branch of iliac artery)

33
Q

How is genetic sex determined?

A

Presence of SRY protein (a single transcription factor) - SRY = male

34
Q

Where do the gonads begin to develop embryologically?

A

Genital (gonadal) ridges

35
Q

What type of epithelium lines the mammary glands?

A

Cuboidal epithelium (surrounded by myoepithelial cells)

36
Q

How is genetic sex determined?

A

Presence of SRY protein (a single transcription factor) - SRY = male

37
Q

Where do the gonads begin to develop embryologically?

A

Genital (gonadal) ridges

38
Q

What type of epithelium lines the mammary glands?

A

Cuboidal epithelium (surrounded by myoepithelial cells)

39
Q

What is the difference between oestrus and menses?

A

Oestrus = lining resorbed; menses = lining shed

40
Q

Which animals are induced ovulators?

A

Cat and rabbits

41
Q

What are the 4 foetal membranes?

A

Amnion, chorion, allantois and yolk sac

42
Q

What does the foetal placenta develop from?

A

Foetal chorion and maternal endometrium

43
Q

What is the function of the ductus venosus?

A

Allows majority of oxygenated blood to bypass liver in the foetus

44
Q

What is the function of the foramen ovale?

A

Allows oxygenated blood to pass from right to left atrium (bypass pulmonary circulation)

45
Q

What is the function of the ductus arteriosus?

A

Allows deoxygenated blood to bypass the lungs (connects pulmonary trunk to aorta)

46
Q

What type of epithelium lines the uterine tube?

A

Ciliated columnar

47
Q

What are the 3 layers of the human uterus?

A

Perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium

Anatomy 1B (6 decks)

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