Neuronal Control of Movement Flashcards
Where is the insertion of a muscle?
Attachment to the mobile end of the muscle
Where are the elbow flexors?
Anterior compartment of the upper arm
Where are the elbow extensors?
Posterior compartment of the upper arm
Where are the carpal and digit flexors?
Anterior compartment of the forearm
Where are the carpal and digit extensors?
Posterior compartment of the forearm
Where are the knee/stifle flexors?
Anterior compartment of the thigh
Where are the knee/stifle extensors?
Posterior compartment of the thigh
Where are the thigh adductors?
Medial compartment of the thighs
Where are the muscles which dorsiflex the ankle/extend the digits?
Anterior compartment of the lower leg
Where are the muscles which plantiflex the the ankle/flex the digits?
Posterior compartment of the lower leg
What is a dermatome?
Area of skin supplies by one single pair of spinal nerves
What is a myotome?
Group of muscles supplied by one single pair of spinal nerves
Where areas are the 2 spinal cord swellings (intumescence)?
Cervical and lumbosacral
What are the 2 spinal nerve plexi?
Brachial plexus (forearm/forelimb) and lumbosacral (pelvic limb)
Where are the intercostal nerves?
Between ribs, T1-T11
Where is the sciatic nerve?
From lumbosacral plexus down the leg
Do the major motor nerves (intercostal/sciatic) have sensory or motor function?
Both - 1 sensory and 1 motor
Where is the musculocutaneous nerve?
Anterior compartment of the upper arm (elbow flexors)
Where does the radial nerve supply?
Posterior compartment of the upper arm
Where does the median/ulnar nerve supply?
Forearm and hand/distal forelimb
Where does the obturator nerve supply?
Medial compartment of the thigh (adductors)
Where does the femoral nerve supply?
Anterior compartment of the thigh (stifle extensors)
Where does the sciatic nerve supply?
Posterior compartment of the thigh (stifle extensors)
Which nerves does the sciatic nerve fracture into in the lower limbs?
Fibular (peroneal) nerve and tibial nerve
Where does the fibular (peroneal) nerve supply?
Anterior compartment of the lower leg (tarsal flexors and digit extensors)
Where does the tibial nerve supply?
Posterior compartment of the lower leg (tarsal extensors and digit flexors)
What is the role of the primary motor cortex?
Initiation and control of voluntary movements
What is the role of the premotor area?
Organising motor functions before they are initiated in the primary motor cortex
What is the role of the pre-frontal area?
Controls the motivation and foresight to plan and initiate movements
Where are the cell bodies of the upper motor neurones?
In the cerebral cortex
Where are the cell bodies of the lower motor neurones?
Ventral horn of spinal cord OR cranial nerve nuclei
Where are the major motor systems in the brain? (coordination of motor actions)
Cerebellum and basal nuclei
