Reproductive strategies

Question 1

Angiosperms vs gymnosperms

Answer 1

Angiosperms: Flowering, vascular plants(seed is covered)
Gymnosperms: Non-flowering, vascular plants that have their seed exposed

Question 2

Vegetative stage vs reproductive stage

Answer 2

Vegetative stage is the period where the plant is developing and acquiring nutrition that includes the leaves, stems, and roots. While reproductive stage is the transfer of pollen from stamen of one plant to stigma of another that includes the fruit, seed and flowers.

Question 3

What factors triggers the change from vegetative to reproductive stage?

Answer 3

Change in temperature or day light length interval cues
Change in day light length that results in meristemic in the shoots to produce flowers.

Question 4

Mutualism between flowers and pollinators (nectaries, etc)

Answer 4

The pollinators benefit from consuming nectar or pollen to provide them with energy. On the other hand , the plant benefits by transferring gametes to another plants via pollinators

Question 5

Female gametophyte

Answer 5

Ovules 2n

Question 6

Male gametophyte

Answer 6

Pollen grain is the male gametophyte (n)

Question 7

Know double fertilization:

Answer 7

One sperm fertilizes the egg, forming a zygote. The other sperm fertilizes the central cell, forming the endosperm with a ploidy of 3n.

Question 8

role of endosperm:

Answer 8

To produce a nutrient store for the young plant

Question 9

Know ploidy of everything before and after

Answer 9

Phloem cells, procambium, and megasporangium are 2n
n is always eggs and sperm
3n is endosperm

Question 10

Fruit – understand where it came from and function?

Answer 10

The ovary develops in a fruit. Used for seed dispersal

Question 11

Mechanisms of seed dispersal and adaptations

Answer 11

Mechanisms include wind, water and animals and explosive
Adaptations: Winglike structure, High production so animals end up storing them away, and exposing themselves to wind

Question 12

Seed anatomy

Answer 12

Seeds are comprised of a plumule, radicle, cotyledons and the embryo is surround by the testa

Question 13

Seed germination:

Answer 13

The pollen grain binds to the stigma and forms a pollen tube which is how the sperm will be delivered to the ovule via the micropyle. The cell in the pollen grain contains the nucleus undergoes mitosis creating two sperm cell(n ploidy). One sperm fertilizes the eggs and becomes the zygote and the other sperm fertilizes the megasporangium producing the endosperm tissue 3n food source for zygote.

Question 14

Pamp:

Answer 14

System recognizes proteins specific to pathogens and responds by making the cell wall more tough and thicker

Question 15

• Systemic acquired resistance:

Answer 15

When infection detected. Signaling molecules(methyl salicylic acid) are sent throughout the plant that activate a signal transduction pathway to respond to another infection.