Reproductive Organs Flashcards by Sneha Shah

Final position of the gonads in males and females

Males: scrotum

Females: Labia majora

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Testis develop in the ___ tissue in the ___

Extraperitoneal connective tissue

In the superior lumbar region of the posterior abdominal wall

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Embryology of testis- Gubernaculum connects the testis to

Anterolateral abdominal wall at the site of the future deep ring

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Embryology of testis- processus vaginalis crosses

Developing inguinal ring, carrying the muscular and fascial layers of the anterolateral abdominal wall before it as it enters the scrotum

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In females, ovaries develop in

Superior lumbar region of the posterior abdominal wall and migrate to the lateral abdominal wall in the pelvis

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In females, gubernaculum is connects

Ovary and primoridal uterus to the developing labium majus

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In females, the gubernaculum becomes

The ovarian ligament and the round ligament

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Ovarian ligament connects

Ovary and uterus

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Round ligament of the uterus connects

Uterus and labium majus

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Which ligament in females prevents the ovaries from descending into the inguinal region

Ovarian ligament

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Which ligament in females passes through the inguinal region

Round ligament

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2 layers of the scrotum

Skin

Dartos fascia

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Scrotum is divided internally by the

Septum of the scrotum

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Scrotum is divided externally by

Scrotal raphe

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Dartos fasica is responsible for ___ of the scrotum

The wrinkled appearance of the scrotum

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Dartos fascia is continuous anteriorly with

Scarpa’s fascia

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Dartos fascia is continuous posteriorly with

Colles’ fascia (subcutaneous tissue of the perineum)

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Function of dartos muscle

Attaches to the skin and causes the scrotum to contract and bring the testis closer to the abdominal cavity to keep warm and sperm alive

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What arteries supply blood to the scrotum?

Posterior scrotal arteries

Anterior scrotal arteries

Cremaster branch of inferior epigastric artery

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What veins drain the scrotum?

Posterior and anterior scrotal veins

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Epidiymis is formed by

Minute convolutions of the duct of the epidiymis

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Epidiymis lies on the ___ surface of the testis and is covered by ___

Lies on the posterior surface of the testis

Covered by tunica vaginalis except at the posterior margin

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___ transport sperm from the rete testis to the epididymis

Efferent ductules

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Rete testis are

A network of canals at the termination of the straight seminiferous tubules

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3 parts of the epididymis

Heady Body Tail

Head of the epididymis is composed of

Lobules formed by coiled ends of 12-14 efferent ductules

Body of epididymis consists of

Convoluted duct of the epididymis

Tail of the epididmis is continuous with

The vas deferens

Testis are covered by

Tunica albuginea

Function of testis

Produce sperm and testosterone

Sperm are formed in the ___ of the testis

The long convoluted seminiferous tubules

The surface of the testis is covered by

Tunica vaginalis (visceral layer)

Testis blood supply comes from

Testicular arteries + Anastomoses with vas deferens artery

Veins of the testis join the

Pampiniform plexus

Left and right testicular veins begin in ___ and empty into ___

Both begin in pampiniform plexus Left empties into the left renal vein Right empties into IVC

Innervation of the testis is done by

Testicular plexus

Lymphatics of the testis

Lumbar and preaortic lymph nodes

Function of vas deferns

Conveys sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct

Location of vas deferens

Starts at the tail of the epidiymis and ends by joining the seminal vescile duct to form the ejaculatory duct

Blood supply of the vas deferens

Vas deferens artery and vein

Seminal vesicles location

Lies between the fundus of the bladder and the rectum

Function of seminal vesicles

Secrete thick alkaline fluid that mixes with sperm as they pass into the ejaculatory ducts and urethra

Blood supply to seminal vesicles

Inferior vesicle and middle rectal arteries

Ejaculatory duct (location)

Arise from union of seminal vesicle duct with vas deferens

Ejaculatory ducts arise near ___ and pass ___ through the prostate

Arise near the neck of the bladder Pass anteroinferiorly though the prostate

Blood supply to ejaculatory duct

Vas deferens artery

Veins of the vas deferens

Join the prostatic and vescial venous plexus

Prostate- components

Glandular component (2/3) Fibromuscular component (1/3)

Prostate structure

Base Apex Muscular anterior surface

Lobes of the prostate

Anterior lobe Posterior lobe Lateral lobe Medial lobe

Blood supply to prostate

Internal iliac Inferior vesical Internal pudendal Middle rectal

Zones of the prostate

Peripheral Central Transition Anterior fibromuscular

Peripheral zone of prostate contains

Apical, posterior, and lateral aspects

Central zone of prostate (location)

Area from ejaculatory ducts to under the base of the bladder

Transition zone of prostate (location)

Surrounds urethra proximal to ejaculatory ducts

Anterior fibromuscular zone of prostate (location)

Bladder neck to urethral sphincter

Site where most prostate cancers develop

Peripheral zone

What do you frequently find in the transition zone of the prostate?

Benign prostate hypertrophy

3 parts of penis

Root Body Glans

3 cylindrical bodies of erectile cavernous tissue of penis:

Corpora cavernosum (2) Corpus spongiosum

Blood supply to penis

Internal pudendal Dorsal artery Helcine arteries

Veins of the penis

Drain into deep dorsal vein

Labia majora is equivalent to the __ in males

Scrotum

Location of labia majora

Fuse anteriorly over the mons pubis

Anterior fusion of labia minora forms

The preupse and frenulum of the clitoris

Posterior fusion of the labia minora forms

Posterior fourchette and fossa navicularis

Vagina extends from

Cervix to vestibule of the vagina

Vagina is anterior to ___ and posterior to ___

Anterior to rectum Posterior to bladder and urethra

Location of uterus

Lies in lesser pelvis with body lying on top of the urinary bladder

Parts of the uterus

Body Cervix

5 ligaments of the uterus

Ovarian Round Broad Cardinal Uterosacral

Function of the ovarian ligament

Attaches ovary to uterus posterioinferior to the uterotubal junction

Function of the round ligament

Attaches to the uterus anterioinferiorly to the uterotubal junction

Which ligaments are remnants of the gubernaculum in women?

Ovarian and Round

Function of broad ligament

Mesentery of the uterus

Broad ligament contains

Mesovarium Mesosalpinx Mesometrium

Location of broad ligament

Sides of the uterus to the lateral walls and pelvic floor

Function of cardinal ligament

Transverse cervical ligament

Location of cardinal ligament

From the supravaginal cervix to the lateral pelvic wall

Location of uterosacral ligament

Passes superiorly and posteriorly from the sides of the cervix to the middle of the scarum

Mesovarium supplies blood to

Ovary

Mesosalpinx supplies blood to

Fallopian tubes

Mesometrium supplies blood to

Segements of the uterus

Fallopian tubes extend from

Uterine horns and open into peritoneal cavity

4 parts of the fallopian tubes

Infundibulum Ampulla Isthmus Uterine

Location/function of infundibulum of fallopain tubes

Funnel shaped distal end of tube htat opens into the peritoneal cavity

Which part of the fallopian tube has fimbraie

Infundibulum

Location of ampulla of the fallopian tube

Starts at medial end of infundibulum

Isthmus of fallopian tube is

Thick walled part that enters the uterine horn

Uterine part of fallopian tube is the

Short intramural part that passes through the wall of the uterus and opens into the uterine cavity

Ovaries are covered by

Tunica albuginea

3 ligament of the ovaries

Suspensory Mesovarium Ovarian

Suspensory ligament of ovaries contain

Ovarian vessels Lymphatics Nerves

Mesoovarium ligament is the

Short mesentery of the ovary

Ovarian ligament (function)

Secures ovary to uterus

Mesonephros degenerates to become

Mesonephric duct (Wolffian duct)

If the embryo is male, the mesonephric duct forms

Male organs

If embryo is female, mesonephric duct

Deteriorates as the paranephric duct (Mullerian duct) continues to grow to form the female organs

Mesonephric duct gives you

Male structures

Paramesonephric duct gives you

Female structures

From the mullerian duct you get the

Fallopian tube and uterus

From the wolfian duct you get

The seminal vesicles Vas deferens Epididmis

In males, the genital tubercle forms the

Penis

In males, the genital fold forms the

Glands of the penis

In males, the genital swelling forms the

Sides of the scrotum that will come together at Raphe

In females, the genital tubercle forms the

Clitoris

In females, the gential fold forms the

Labia manora

In females, the genital swelling forms the

Labia majora

Penile fracture is a rupture of

Tunica albugenia

Ovarian torsion is the twisting of the ovary around the

Fallopian tube Mesosalpinx Ovarian cyst or mass

Reproductive Organs Flashcards

(110 cards)