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MGA Exam 3 > Reproductive Organs > Flashcards

Reproductive Organs Flashcards

1
Q

Final position of the gonads in males and females

A

Males: scrotum

Females: Labia majora

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2
Q

Testis develop in the ___ tissue in the ___

A

Extraperitoneal connective tissue

In the superior lumbar region of the posterior abdominal wall

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3
Q

Embryology of testis- Gubernaculum connects the testis to

A

Anterolateral abdominal wall at the site of the future deep ring

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4
Q

Embryology of testis- processus vaginalis crosses

A

Developing inguinal ring, carrying the muscular and fascial layers of the anterolateral abdominal wall before it as it enters the scrotum

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5
Q

In females, ovaries develop in

A

Superior lumbar region of the posterior abdominal wall and migrate to the lateral abdominal wall in the pelvis

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6
Q

In females, gubernaculum is connects

A

Ovary and primoridal uterus to the developing labium majus

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7
Q

In females, the gubernaculum becomes

A

The ovarian ligament and the round ligament

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8
Q

Ovarian ligament connects

A

Ovary and uterus

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9
Q

Round ligament of the uterus connects

A

Uterus and labium majus

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10
Q

Which ligament in females prevents the ovaries from descending into the inguinal region

A

Ovarian ligament

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11
Q

Which ligament in females passes through the inguinal region

A

Round ligament

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12
Q

2 layers of the scrotum

A

Skin

Dartos fascia

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13
Q

Scrotum is divided internally by the

A

Septum of the scrotum

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14
Q

Scrotum is divided externally by

A

Scrotal raphe

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15
Q

Dartos fasica is responsible for ___ of the scrotum

A

The wrinkled appearance of the scrotum

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16
Q

Dartos fascia is continuous anteriorly with

A

Scarpa’s fascia

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17
Q

Dartos fascia is continuous posteriorly with

A

Colles’ fascia (subcutaneous tissue of the perineum)

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18
Q

Function of dartos muscle

A

Attaches to the skin and causes the scrotum to contract and bring the testis closer to the abdominal cavity to keep warm and sperm alive

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19
Q

What arteries supply blood to the scrotum?

A

Posterior scrotal arteries

Anterior scrotal arteries

Cremaster branch of inferior epigastric artery

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20
Q

What veins drain the scrotum?

A

Posterior and anterior scrotal veins

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21
Q

Epidiymis is formed by

A

Minute convolutions of the duct of the epidiymis

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22
Q

Epidiymis lies on the ___ surface of the testis and is covered by ___

A

Lies on the posterior surface of the testis

Covered by tunica vaginalis except at the posterior margin

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23
Q

___ transport sperm from the rete testis to the epididymis

A

Efferent ductules

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24
Q

Rete testis are

A

A network of canals at the termination of the straight seminiferous tubules

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25
Q

3 parts of the epididymis

A

Heady

Body

Tail

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26
Q

Head of the epididymis is composed of

A

Lobules formed by coiled ends of 12-14 efferent ductules

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27
Q

Body of epididymis consists of

A

Convoluted duct of the epididymis

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28
Q

Tail of the epididmis is continuous with

A

The vas deferens

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29
Q

Testis are covered by

A

Tunica albuginea

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30
Q

Function of testis

A

Produce sperm and testosterone

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31
Q

Sperm are formed in the ___ of the testis

A

The long convoluted seminiferous tubules

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32
Q

The surface of the testis is covered by

A

Tunica vaginalis (visceral layer)

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33
Q

Testis blood supply comes from

A

Testicular arteries +

Anastomoses with vas deferens artery

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34
Q

Veins of the testis join the

A

Pampiniform plexus

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35
Q

Left and right testicular veins begin in ___ and empty into ___

A

Both begin in pampiniform plexus

Left empties into the left renal vein

Right empties into IVC

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36
Q

Innervation of the testis is done by

A

Testicular plexus

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37
Q

Lymphatics of the testis

A

Lumbar and preaortic lymph nodes

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38
Q

Function of vas deferns

A

Conveys sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct

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39
Q

Location of vas deferens

A

Starts at the tail of the epidiymis and ends by joining the seminal vescile duct to form the ejaculatory duct

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40
Q

Blood supply of the vas deferens

A

Vas deferens artery and vein

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41
Q

Seminal vesicles location

A

Lies between the fundus of the bladder and the rectum

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42
Q

Function of seminal vesicles

A

Secrete thick alkaline fluid that mixes with sperm as they pass into the ejaculatory ducts and urethra

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43
Q

Blood supply to seminal vesicles

A

Inferior vesicle and middle rectal arteries

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44
Q

Ejaculatory duct (location)

A

Arise from union of seminal vesicle duct with vas deferens

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45
Q

Ejaculatory ducts arise near ___ and pass ___ through the prostate

A

Arise near the neck of the bladder

Pass anteroinferiorly though the prostate

46
Q

Blood supply to ejaculatory duct

A

Vas deferens artery

47
Q

Veins of the vas deferens

A

Join the prostatic and vescial venous plexus

48
Q

Prostate- components

A

Glandular component (2/3)

Fibromuscular component (1/3)

49
Q

Prostate structure

A

Base

Apex

Muscular anterior surface

50
Q

Lobes of the prostate

A

Anterior lobe

Posterior lobe

Lateral lobe

Medial lobe

51
Q

Blood supply to prostate

A

Internal iliac

Inferior vesical

Internal pudendal

Middle rectal

52
Q

Zones of the prostate

A

Peripheral

Central

Transition

Anterior fibromuscular

53
Q

Peripheral zone of prostate contains

A

Apical, posterior, and lateral aspects

54
Q

Central zone of prostate (location)

A

Area from ejaculatory ducts to under the base of the bladder

55
Q

Transition zone of prostate (location)

A

Surrounds urethra proximal to ejaculatory ducts

56
Q

Anterior fibromuscular zone of prostate (location)

A

Bladder neck to urethral sphincter

57
Q

Site where most prostate cancers develop

A

Peripheral zone

58
Q

What do you frequently find in the transition zone of the prostate?

A

Benign prostate hypertrophy

59
Q

3 parts of penis

A

Root

Body

Glans

60
Q

3 cylindrical bodies of erectile cavernous tissue of penis:

A

Corpora cavernosum (2)

Corpus spongiosum

61
Q

Blood supply to penis

A

Internal pudendal

Dorsal artery

Helcine arteries

62
Q

Veins of the penis

A

Drain into deep dorsal vein

63
Q

Labia majora is equivalent to the __ in males

A

Scrotum

64
Q

Location of labia majora

A

Fuse anteriorly over the mons pubis

65
Q

Anterior fusion of labia minora forms

A

The preupse and frenulum of the clitoris

66
Q

Posterior fusion of the labia minora forms

A

Posterior fourchette and fossa navicularis

67
Q

Vagina extends from

A

Cervix to vestibule of the vagina

68
Q

Vagina is anterior to ___ and posterior to ___

A

Anterior to rectum

Posterior to bladder and urethra

69
Q

Location of uterus

A

Lies in lesser pelvis with body lying on top of the urinary bladder

70
Q

Parts of the uterus

A

Body

Cervix

71
Q

5 ligaments of the uterus

A

Ovarian

Round

Broad

Cardinal

Uterosacral

72
Q

Function of the ovarian ligament

A

Attaches ovary to uterus posterioinferior to the uterotubal junction

73
Q

Function of the round ligament

A

Attaches to the uterus anterioinferiorly to the uterotubal junction

74
Q

Which ligaments are remnants of the gubernaculum in women?

A

Ovarian and Round

75
Q

Function of broad ligament

A

Mesentery of the uterus

76
Q

Broad ligament contains

A

Mesovarium

Mesosalpinx

Mesometrium

77
Q

Location of broad ligament

A

Sides of the uterus to the lateral walls and pelvic floor

78
Q

Function of cardinal ligament

A

Transverse cervical ligament

79
Q

Location of cardinal ligament

A

From the supravaginal cervix to the lateral pelvic wall

80
Q

Location of uterosacral ligament

A

Passes superiorly and posteriorly from the sides of the cervix to the middle of the scarum

81
Q

Mesovarium supplies blood to

A

Ovary

82
Q

Mesosalpinx supplies blood to

A

Fallopian tubes

83
Q

Mesometrium supplies blood to

A

Segements of the uterus

84
Q

Fallopian tubes extend from

A

Uterine horns and open into peritoneal cavity

85
Q

4 parts of the fallopian tubes

A

Infundibulum

Ampulla

Isthmus

Uterine

86
Q

Location/function of infundibulum of fallopain tubes

A

Funnel shaped distal end of tube htat opens into the peritoneal cavity

87
Q

Which part of the fallopian tube has fimbraie

A

Infundibulum

88
Q

Location of ampulla of the fallopian tube

A

Starts at medial end of infundibulum

89
Q

Isthmus of fallopian tube is

A

Thick walled part that enters the uterine horn

90
Q

Uterine part of fallopian tube is the

A

Short intramural part that passes through the wall of the uterus and opens into the uterine cavity

91
Q

Ovaries are covered by

A

Tunica albuginea

92
Q

3 ligament of the ovaries

A

Suspensory

Mesovarium

Ovarian

93
Q

Suspensory ligament of ovaries contain

A

Ovarian vessels

Lymphatics

Nerves

94
Q

Mesoovarium ligament is the

A

Short mesentery of the ovary

95
Q

Ovarian ligament (function)

A

Secures ovary to uterus

96
Q

Mesonephros degenerates to become

A

Mesonephric duct (Wolffian duct)

97
Q

If the embryo is male, the mesonephric duct forms

A

Male organs

98
Q

If embryo is female, mesonephric duct

A

Deteriorates as the paranephric duct (Mullerian duct) continues to grow to form the female organs

99
Q

Mesonephric duct gives you

A

Male structures

100
Q

Paramesonephric duct gives you

A

Female structures

101
Q

From the mullerian duct you get the

A

Fallopian tube and uterus

102
Q

From the wolfian duct you get

A

The seminal vesicles

Vas deferens

Epididmis

103
Q

In males, the genital tubercle forms the

A

Penis

104
Q

In males, the genital fold forms the

A

Glands of the penis

105
Q

In males, the genital swelling forms the

A

Sides of the scrotum that will come together at Raphe

106
Q

In females, the genital tubercle forms the

A

Clitoris

107
Q

In females, the gential fold forms the

A

Labia manora

108
Q

In females, the genital swelling forms the

A

Labia majora

109
Q

Penile fracture is a rupture of

A

Tunica albugenia

110
Q

Ovarian torsion is the twisting of the ovary around the

A

Fallopian tube

Mesosalpinx

Ovarian cyst or mass

MGA Exam 3 (8 decks)

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