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MGA Exam 3 > Posterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Posterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

What is the order of the posterior abdominal muscles from lateral to medial

A

Transversus abdominis

Iliacus

Quadratus lumborum, which is posterior to

Psoas major

Psoas minor

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2
Q

Origin of psoas major

A

Sides of the bodies and intervening intervertebral disks of T12-L5

Transverse processes of L1-L5

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3
Q

Insertion of psoas major

A

Iliopsoas tendon which inserts into the lesser trochanter of the femur

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4
Q

The psoas major passes under

A

The inguinal ligament, just lateral to the iliopubic eminence

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5
Q

Function of the psoas major

A

Flexes thigh

Flexes lumbar vertebral column and bends it towards the same side

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6
Q

Blood supply to psoas major

A

Subcostal artery

Lumbar arteries

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7
Q

Innervation of psoas major

A

L2-4

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8
Q

Lympathics of psoas major

A

Lumbar lymph nodes

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9
Q

Origin of psoas minor

A

Sides of the bodies of the 12th and 1st lumbar vertebrae and the intervertebral disc between them

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10
Q

Insertion of psoas minor

A

Long, flat tendon ending in the iliopubic eminence, arcuate line of the ilium, and the iliac fossa

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11
Q

Function of psoas minor

A

Flexes laterally and bends the lumbar vertebral column

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12
Q

Blood supply of psoas minor

A

Lumbar arteries

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13
Q

Innervation of psoas minor

A

L1-L2

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14
Q

Lymphatics of psoas minor

A

Lumbar lymph nodes

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15
Q

Origin of iliacus

A

Iliac crest and greater part of hte iliac fossa

Iliolumbar and ventral sacroiliac ligaments

Ala of the sacrum

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16
Q

Insertion of the iliacus

A

Lateral side of the iliopsoas tendon, ending in the lesser trochanter of the femur

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17
Q

Function of the iliacus

A

Flexes thigh

Flexes plevis on the thigh

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18
Q

Blood supply of iliacus

A

Iliolumbar artery

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19
Q

Innervation of the iliacus

A

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

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20
Q

Lymphatics of the iliacus

A

Lumbar lymph nodes

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21
Q

Origin of quadratus lumborum

A

Posterior part of the iliac cres and iliolumbar ligament

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22
Q

Insertion of the quadratus lumborum

A

Transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae L1-L4 and the 12th rib

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23
Q

Function of quadratus lumborum

A

Laterally bends the trunk

Fixes 12th rib

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24
Q

Blood supply of quadratus lumborum

A

Subcostal artery

Lumbar arteries

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25
Q

Innervation of quadratus lumborum

A

Subcostal nerve

Ventral primary rami of L1-L4

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26
Q

Lymphatics of quadratus lumborum

A

Lumbar lymph nodes

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27
Q

What is the relationship between quadratus lumborum, psoas minor, and the iliacus muscles?

A

Quadratus lumborum is most posterior

Psoas minor is most medial

Iliacus is most lateral

28
Q

Psoas fascia is attached medially to

A

Lumbar vertebrae and pelvic brim

29
Q

Psoas fascia is thickened superiorly to form

A

Medial arcuate ligament

30
Q

Psoas fascia fuses laterally with ___ to form

A

Fuses laterally with quadratus lumborum fascia to form thoracolumbar fascia

31
Q

Psoas fascia is continuous with

A

the part of the iliac fossa covering the iliacus

32
Q

Quadratus lumborum fascia will give you ___ ligaments

A

Lateral arcuate ligaments

33
Q

Psoas fascia will give you ___ ligaments

A

Meidal acruate ligaments

34
Q

Thoracolumbar fascia encloses

A

Deep back muscles

35
Q

Thoracolumbar fascia is thin where it covers ___ and thick in the ___

A

Thin where it covers thoracic parts of the deep muscles

Thick in lumbar regions

36
Q

Lumbar part of thoracolumbar fascia extends between

A

12th rib and iliac crest

37
Q

Thoracolumbar fascia attaches laterally to

A

Internal oblique muscle

Transversalis abdominus muscle

38
Q

Lumbar arteries 1-4 come off of

A

The posterior part of the aorta

39
Q

Renal arteries come off

A

The sides of the aorta

40
Q

Branches of the abdominal aorta from top to bottom

A

Inferior phrenic arteries

Celiac trunk

Middle suprarenal arteries

1st lumbar arteries

SMA

Renal arteries

Gonadal arteries

2nd lumbar arteries

IMA

3rd lumbar arteries

4th lumbar arteries

Median sacral artery

Common iliacs

41
Q

Inferior phrenic arteries supply

A

Diaphragm

Suprarenal gland

42
Q

Lumbar arteries run ___ to psoas major

A

Posteriorly

43
Q

Lumbar arteries supply

A

Psoas major

Psoas minor

Quadratus lumborum

Spinal cord

Vertebral column

44
Q

Veins that drain into the IVC

A

Common iliacs

Lumbar veins

Right gonadal vein

Renal vein

Right suprarenal vein

Inferior phrenic veins

Hepatic veins

45
Q

Relationship of femoral vein and artery

A

Femoral vein is more medial, femoral artery is more lateral

46
Q

The aorta is ___ to the IVC

A

Anterior

47
Q

Shape of right vs left suprarenal glands

A

Right is more pyramidal

Left is more semilunar

48
Q

What are the borders of the suprarenal glands?

A

Supeior

Medial

Anterior

49
Q

Cortex of the suprarenal gland has a high

A

lipid content

50
Q

What accounts for 80-90% of the suprarenal gland’s volume?

A

Cortex

51
Q

3 zones of the supraadrenal cortex

A

Glomerulosa

Fasciculata

Reticularis

52
Q

The golmerulosa produces

A

Mineralocorticoids

53
Q

The fasiculata produces

A

Glucocorticoids

54
Q

The reticularis produces

A

Androgens

55
Q

2 main structures of the adrenal gland

A

Cortex

Medulla

56
Q

The medulla of the adrenal gland is ___ in origin

A

Ectodermal

57
Q

Medulla of adrenal gland arises from

A

Neural crest

58
Q

What are cromaffin cells?

A

Cells of the adrenal medulla

59
Q

Function of adrenal medulla

A

Produces epinephrine and norepinephrine

60
Q

Superior adrenal arteries come off the

A

Inferior phrenic artery

61
Q

Middle adrenal arteries come off the

A

Aorta

62
Q

Inferior adrenal arteries come off the

A

Renal artery

63
Q

Right adrenal vein empties into ___

Left adrneal vein empties into ___

A

Right dumps directly into IVC

Left joins the inferior phrenic vein before emptying into the left renal vein

64
Q

Embryology- Cortex of the adrenal gland is from

A

Mesenchyme lining the posterior abdominal wall

65
Q

___ and ___ of the adrenal gland is present at birth

A

Glomerulosa and fasciculata

66
Q

An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a

A

focal dilation of the diameter of hte aorta

67
Q

Pheochromocytoma is

A

A tumor arising from chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla and are associated with an increased catecholamine product

MGA Exam 3 (8 decks)

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