Posterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards by Sneha Shah

What is the order of the posterior abdominal muscles from lateral to medial

Transversus abdominis

Iliacus

Quadratus lumborum, which is posterior to

Psoas major

Psoas minor

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Origin of psoas major

Sides of the bodies and intervening intervertebral disks of T12-L5

Transverse processes of L1-L5

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Insertion of psoas major

Iliopsoas tendon which inserts into the lesser trochanter of the femur

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The psoas major passes under

The inguinal ligament, just lateral to the iliopubic eminence

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Function of the psoas major

Flexes thigh

Flexes lumbar vertebral column and bends it towards the same side

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Blood supply to psoas major

Subcostal artery

Lumbar arteries

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Innervation of psoas major

L2-4

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Lympathics of psoas major

Lumbar lymph nodes

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Origin of psoas minor

Sides of the bodies of the 12th and 1st lumbar vertebrae and the intervertebral disc between them

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Insertion of psoas minor

Long, flat tendon ending in the iliopubic eminence, arcuate line of the ilium, and the iliac fossa

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Function of psoas minor

Flexes laterally and bends the lumbar vertebral column

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Blood supply of psoas minor

Lumbar arteries

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Innervation of psoas minor

L1-L2

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Lymphatics of psoas minor

Lumbar lymph nodes

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Origin of iliacus

Iliac crest and greater part of hte iliac fossa

Iliolumbar and ventral sacroiliac ligaments

Ala of the sacrum

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Insertion of the iliacus

Lateral side of the iliopsoas tendon, ending in the lesser trochanter of the femur

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Function of the iliacus

Flexes thigh

Flexes plevis on the thigh

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Blood supply of iliacus

Iliolumbar artery

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Innervation of the iliacus

Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

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Lymphatics of the iliacus

Lumbar lymph nodes

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Origin of quadratus lumborum

Posterior part of the iliac cres and iliolumbar ligament

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Insertion of the quadratus lumborum

Transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae L1-L4 and the 12th rib

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Function of quadratus lumborum

Laterally bends the trunk

Fixes 12th rib

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Blood supply of quadratus lumborum

Subcostal artery

Lumbar arteries

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Innervation of quadratus lumborum

Subcostal nerve Ventral primary rami of L1-L4

Lymphatics of quadratus lumborum

Lumbar lymph nodes

What is the relationship between quadratus lumborum, psoas minor, and the iliacus muscles?

Quadratus lumborum is most posterior Psoas minor is most medial Iliacus is most lateral

Psoas fascia is attached medially to

Lumbar vertebrae and pelvic brim

Psoas fascia is thickened superiorly to form

Medial arcuate ligament

Psoas fascia fuses laterally with ___ to form

Fuses laterally with quadratus lumborum fascia to form thoracolumbar fascia

Psoas fascia is continuous with

the part of the iliac fossa covering the iliacus

Quadratus lumborum fascia will give you ___ ligaments

Lateral arcuate ligaments

Psoas fascia will give you ___ ligaments

Meidal acruate ligaments

Thoracolumbar fascia encloses

Deep back muscles

Thoracolumbar fascia is thin where it covers ___ and thick in the ___

Thin where it covers thoracic parts of the deep muscles Thick in lumbar regions

Lumbar part of thoracolumbar fascia extends between

12th rib and iliac crest

Thoracolumbar fascia attaches laterally to

Internal oblique muscle Transversalis abdominus muscle

Lumbar arteries 1-4 come off of

The posterior part of the aorta

Renal arteries come off

The sides of the aorta

Branches of the abdominal aorta from top to bottom

Inferior phrenic arteries Celiac trunk Middle suprarenal arteries 1st lumbar arteries SMA Renal arteries Gonadal arteries 2nd lumbar arteries IMA 3rd lumbar arteries 4th lumbar arteries Median sacral artery Common iliacs

Inferior phrenic arteries supply

Diaphragm Suprarenal gland

Lumbar arteries run ___ to psoas major

Posteriorly

Lumbar arteries supply

Psoas major Psoas minor Quadratus lumborum Spinal cord Vertebral column

Veins that drain into the IVC

Common iliacs Lumbar veins Right gonadal vein Renal vein Right suprarenal vein Inferior phrenic veins Hepatic veins

Relationship of femoral vein and artery

Femoral vein is more medial, femoral artery is more lateral

The aorta is ___ to the IVC

Shape of right vs left suprarenal glands

Right is more pyramidal Left is more semilunar

What are the borders of the suprarenal glands?

Supeior Medial Anterior

Cortex of the suprarenal gland has a high

lipid content

What accounts for 80-90% of the suprarenal gland's volume?

Cortex

3 zones of the supraadrenal cortex

Glomerulosa Fasciculata Reticularis

The golmerulosa produces

Mineralocorticoids

The fasiculata produces

Glucocorticoids

The reticularis produces

Androgens

2 main structures of the adrenal gland

Cortex Medulla

The medulla of the adrenal gland is ___ in origin

Ectodermal

Medulla of adrenal gland arises from

Neural crest

What are cromaffin cells?

Cells of the adrenal medulla

Function of adrenal medulla

Produces epinephrine and norepinephrine

Superior adrenal arteries come off the

Inferior phrenic artery

Middle adrenal arteries come off the

Aorta

Inferior adrenal arteries come off the

Renal artery

Right adrenal vein empties into ___ Left adrneal vein empties into ___

Right dumps directly into IVC Left joins the inferior phrenic vein before emptying into the left renal vein

Embryology- Cortex of the adrenal gland is from

Mesenchyme lining the posterior abdominal wall

___ and ___ of the adrenal gland is present at birth

Glomerulosa and fasciculata

An abdominal aortic aneurysm is a

focal dilation of the diameter of hte aorta

Pheochromocytoma is

A tumor arising from chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla and are associated with an increased catecholamine product

Posterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

(67 cards)