Reproductive Diseases Flashcards
1
Q
Parts of the Female Reproductive System
A
- Ovaries
- Oviducts
- uterus
- cervix
- vagina
- vulva
2
Q
Non-Seasonally polyestrous
A
- Cows
- Pigs
Think of you can have beef and pork all year round
3
Q
Long-Day Breeders
A
- Horses
- Cats
horses have LONG necks, cats have LONG tails
4
Q
Short-Day Breeders
A
- Goats
- Sheep
both animals are SHORT in stature
5
Q
Diestrous
A
- Dogs
* Diestrous and dogs both start with D*
6
Q
Induced Ovulators
A
- Cats
- Rabbits
- Ferrets
- Camels
7
Q
Follicular Phase
A
- FSH stimulates ovaries to produce follicles
- Follicles produce estrogen
- Proestrus and estrus
- Ends with ovulation
8
Q
Luteal Phase
A
- CL develops and produces progesterone
- Metestrus and diestrus
9
Q
Parts of the male reproductive system
A
- testicles
- urethra
- penis
- accessory glands
- cremaster muscle
- seminiferous tubules
- interstitial cells
- Sertoli cells
- Epididymis
- Ductus deferens
10
Q
Dog accessory sex glands
A
-Prostate
11
Q
Cat accessory sex glands
A
- Prostate
- Bulbourethral gland
12
Q
Bull accessory sex glands
A
-Prostate, bulbourethral glands, seminal vesicle
13
Q
Puppy Vaginitis
A
- Overgrowth of normal flora of the vulva and vagina
- vulvar discharge, irritation, pollakiuria
14
Q
Pseudopregnancy
A
- exaggeration of the normal hormonal changes in a non-pregnant does
- Signa with in 60 days of estrus
- Mammary enlargement, lactation, mothering behavior
15
Q
Eclampsia
A
- Early lactation in small breed dogs results in hypocalcemia which can cause muscle tremors, seizures, and stiffness
- Tx: Slow IV administration of 10% Calcium Gluconate, stop infusion if bradycardia develops
- Oral calcium supplementation after clinical signs regress
16
Q
Pyometra
A
- High levels of progesterone result in hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the endometrial glands of the uterus
- E.Coli
- Middle-aged or older dogs within 60 days after estrus
- vulvar discharge if open pyometra, PU/PD, anorexia, lethargy
17
Q
Pregnancy in dogs
A
- Palpate fetuses in 25-36 days
- Fetal skeletal mineralization seen on x-rays at 45 days
- U/S at 20 days
- Gestation: 58-68 days
18
Q
Pregnancy in cats
A
- Palpate fetuses in 21-28 days
- Fetal skeletal mineralization seen on x-rays at 45 days
- U/S at 20 days
- Gestation: 58-67 days
19
Q
Brucella Canis
A
- gram negative bacteria that causes abortion at 45-55 days
- ingested via contaminated material and venereal
- Prostatitis in male dogs
- Zoonotic
20
Q
Canine Herpes Virus
A
- Infected for life
- Common cause of pregnancy loss
- Fading puppy syndrome
- Leading cause of death in newborns
21
Q
Dystocia
A
- Caused by large fetus, narrow pelvis, abnormal fetus position, and uterine inertia
- > 1 hour of contraction with no fetus delivered
- > 4 hours between deliveries
22
Q
Mastitis
A
- Infection and inflammation of the mammary glands
- fever, erythema, swelling of the glands
23
Q
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
A
- Prostate gland is caudal to the bladder and encircles the urethra
- Increases in size as the dog matures
- Neuter at 6 months to stop growth
- Tenesmus, hematuria, hemorrhagic preputial discharge
24
Q
Prostatitis
A
- E.coli
- fever, stiff gait, abdominal pain, back pain, chronic UTI’s
- abx that cross the blood-prostate barrier, such as Baytril, will treat
25
Prostatic Abscess
- bacterial infection in which pockets of purulent exudate develops in the gland
- may rupture and cause peritonitis
- tenesmus, pain, fever, septic
26
Prostatic Neoplasia
- Prostatic carcinoma = malignant tumors
| - Higher incidence in neutered dogs
27
Paraphimosis
- Inability to retract penis back into preputial sheath
- tissue dries out and becomes necrotic
- Hypertonic glucose solution to reduce swelling, purse string suture
28
Testicular Tumors
- Cryptorchid dogs have a higher risk of neoplasia
- Abdominal tumor may actually be a testicle
- Older, intact dogs
- Interstitial cell tumors, sertoli cell tumors, and seminomas
- Testicular enlargement, feminization with sertoli cell tumor
29
Sertoli Cell Tumors
-Tumor cells aggressively secrete estrogen
30
Transmissible Venereal Tumor
- Male and female dogs
- Common in temperate climates with large population of free roaming dogs
- cauliflower like masses at the base of the penis, vulva, and bleeds easily
31
Mammary Gland Tumors
- 50% in female dogs
- Found in older dogs and cats
- Firm nodules palpated in mammary chain or glands
32
Vaginal Hyperplasia
- Tissue becomes swollen during estrus and protrudes through the vulva
- caused by estrogen
- common in young dogs
- resolves once estrogen is gone after estrus
- occurs with each cycle
