Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PANCE study guide > Reproductive > Flashcards

Reproductive Flashcards

1
Q

dub tx in adolesc

A

high dose estrogen in acute severe bleed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

dub cause in adolesc

A

diagnosis of exclusion

r/o other pathologic causes but unlikely in younger pt/s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

DUB cause in postmenopausal women

A 
More likely pathologic
US
Hysteroscopy
endocervical curetage and bx
D&C
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Menorrhagia

A

heavy or prolonged bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Metorrhagia

A

bleeding between cycles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Menometorrhagia

A

Irregular cycles w/ heavy/prolonged bleeding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

TVUS >___? is indicative of endometrial hyperplasia

A

4mm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Tx for endometrial hyperplasia w/o atypia

A

Progestrin (po or IUD)

Repeat bx in 3-6mo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Endometrial hyperplasia w/ atypia tx

A

TAH +/- BSO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the most common gyn Malignancy in the US

A

Endometrial ca

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

endometrial stripe >4mm indicates what

A

Endometrial hyperplasia

Endometrial ca

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Tx for Stage 1 Endometrial ca

A

TAH +/- BSO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Tx for stage 2 endometrial CA

A

TAH + BSO, lymph node excision, post-op rad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

MC bening gyn lesion

A

Leiomyoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What population is mc in leiomyoma

A

African American (5X more common)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Pelvic us sign of leiomyoma

A

“Pelvic shadowing”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Tx for leiomyoma

A

Usually nothing - majority don’t need tx
Medical tx: Progestin, Leuprolide (GnRH inhib),
Surgical: Myomectomy, Ablation, Hysterectomy is definitive tx.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Define Endometritis

A

Infection of endometrium during pregnancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

MC pathogen of endometritis

A

GABHS, S. aureus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is endometritis called if the pt is not pregnant?

A

PID

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

MC cause of endometritis

A

retained products of conception (mc w/ c-section)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Infection after c-section tx w/

A

Clinda and gent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Infection after vag delivery or chorioamnionitis

A

Amp and Gent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Classic triad of endometriosis

A
  1. Cyclic premenstrual pelvic pain
  2. dysmenorrhea
  3. Dyspareunia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Defintive dx of endometriosis
Laparoscopy w/ bx
26
What is a "chocolate cyst"
Endometrioma
27
Medical tx of endometriosis
``` Ovulation suppresion 1. Pain: OCPS + NSAIDS 2. Prog tx: suppress GnRH, 3. Leuprolide 4. Danasol Surg: 1. Cons laparoscopy w/ ablation 2. TAH BSO ```
28
Uterine prolapse
Uterine herniation into vagina
29
Cystocele
Post. bladder herniating into ant vag wall
30
Enterocele
Pougch of Douglass (sm bowel) into the upper vagina
31
Rectocele
Distal Sig colon (rectum) into the posterior distal vagina
32
Grade 1: Pelvic organ prolapse
Descent into upper 2/3 of vagina
33
Grade 2 Pelvic organ prolapse
Cervix approaches introitus
34
Grade 3 Pelvic organ prolapse
Outside introitus
35
Grade 4 Pelvic organ prolapse
Entire uterus outside of vagina - complete prolapse
36
Dx of funcitonal ovarian cyst
Pelvic US
37
MC tx for ovarian cysts
<6-8 cm functional and usually spontaneously resolve
38
Most concerning complication of ovarian cyst
torsion
39
Medical tx for ovarian cyst
OCP's
40
What is the 2nd MC gyn cancer?
Ovarian Ca
41
What gyn cancer has the highest mortality rate?
Ovarian ca
42
Sister mary joseph node
Mets to umbilical LN (from ovarian ca)
43
In reproductive age what % of ovarian neoplasms are benign?
90
44
PCOS traid
Amenorreha, hirsutism, and Obseity (insulin resistance)
45
Labs for PCOS
Inc testosterone, Inc LH:FSH ratio,
46
TX of PCOS
OCP's (mainstay) to normalize bleeding and tx hirsutism, Anti-andronergic agents for hirsutism-Spironolactone Infertility tx: Clomid Lifestyle changes Surgical
47
routine pap screen
Start at age 21 q2y until age 29 age 30 q3-5y if hx of 3 neg cytology Yearly HIV stop at age 65-70
48
If age >25 w/ + HPV what are the two options
1. Cyt and HPV tesiting in 12mo OR 2. Genotype for HPV 16,18
49
ASCUS + > 25yo follow up
1. HPV testing if neg repeat w/ cotest q3y or HPV testing + --> colopscopy w/ b OR 2. Repeat Pap in 1 year if neg resume Pap if pos Colpo
50
21-24 ACUS or LSIL f/u
Repeat pap in 1 y or HPV testing
51
<21 ASCUS f/u
Repeat Pap in 1 year
52
ASC-H F/u
Colposcopy
53
LSIL 25-29 f/u
Colpo q/ BX
54
LSIL >30yo f/u
HPV neg --> repeat cytology in 1 year | HPV + --> Colpo w/ bx
55
What CIN grade is LSIL assoc. w/
CIN1
56
HSIL f/u
Colpo w/ bx in all ages
57
HSIL CIN grade assoc.
CIN II, III, and CA in situ
58
TX for CIN1
Obs. (75% self resolve). | LEEP, or conization
59
Tx for CIN2 & 3
EXcision and ablation mainstay of TX for CIN 2 and 3.
60
MC etiology for cervical ca
HPV (99.7%) esp, 16,18, 31, 33
61
Is smoking protective or a risk factor for Cervical CA?
Risk
62
MC type of cerv. ca.
Squamous
63
1st sing of cervical ca?
poscoital bleeding/spotting
64
Define incompetent cervix
cervical dilation esp in 2nd trimester
65
Is vaginal cancer rare or common?
Rare Less than 1%
66
What risk factor exists for Vag ca?
DES exposure
67
MC presentation of vulvar ca
Pruritis
68
Dx of vulvar ca
Red/white ulcerative, crusted lesions
69
Etiologies of vaginitis
ID: BV, Trich, Candida, Cytolytic Atrophy: post menopause, allergies
70
Tx for vulvovaginal atrophy
Creams Ospemifene moisturizers
71
BV D/c
Thing, homogenous, watery, grey-white "rotten fish" smell
72
BV Microsocopic
Clue cells | Few WBC's
73
TX for BV
Metronidazole | Clinda
74
Trich d/c
Frothy yellow green | Strawberry cervix
75
Trich micro
Mobile protozoa on wet mount | WBC present
76
Tx of Trich
Metronidazole | Tinidazole
77
Candida d/c
Thick, curdlike/cottage ch
78
Candida micro
Hypae, yeast, on KOH prep
79
Tx CAndida
FLuconazole
80
Define Dysmenorrhea
Painful mestruation that affects AODl
81
TX for dysmenorrhea
NSAIDS OCPs Laparoscopy if meds fail
82
Premenstrual syndrome
Cluster of physical | behavior sx. during clyclic occurance of luteal phase
83
PMDD
Severe PMS w/ functional impairment
84
Tx of PMDD
OCP"s SSRI GnRH Refractory breast pain (danazole, bromocriptine) Sprinolaction and calcium carbonate for bloating
85
Define Primary amenorrhea
Failure of onset of menarche and secondary sex characteristics by age of 13 or Failure of onset of menarche (with secondary sex ch.) by age of 16
86
MC cause of secondary amenorrhea
Pregnancy
87
Causes of secondary amenorrhea other than pregnancy
``` Hypothalamic dysfunction Pituitary dysfunction Ovarian d/o (PCOS) Uterine do (ashermans,) ```
88
MC pathogen of mastitis
S. aureus
89
Tx for mastitis
Supportive, warm compress, pump Dicloxacillin, Nafcillin, cephalosporin Continue to nurse or use pump
90
Tx for breast abscess
stop breast feeding from affected side | I&D
91
Painless, hard, fixed, lump is descriptive of?
breast ca
92
MC side of breast mass?
UOQ
93
Breast ca screening should start when?
Annually after age 40
94
MC cause of PID
N. gonorrhea | Chlamydia
95
Out pt tx for PID
Doxy and ceftriaxone
96
In pt tx for PID
Doxy and 2nd gen cephalosporin (cefoxitin)
97
w/u for ectopic pregnancy
Serial BHCG should doulble q 24-48h, in ectopic serial B HCG fails to double, if inital value <1500 repeat in 2-3d.
98
Unruptured ectopic tx.
Methotrexate
99
ruptured ectopic tx
Lap salpingostomy
100
BHCG markedly elevated indicative of?
Molar pregnancy
101
US findings in molar pregnancy
Snowstorm or cluster of grapes
102
When is glucose testing done during preg?
24-28wks
103
Testing level indicative of GDM and f/u
>140mg/dL after 1 hr --> do 3hr gtt
104
Indicates for 3hr GTT
1hr >180 ; 2h >155, and 3h>140
105
When does RH alloimmunization occur?
When Rh neg mom carries an Rh pos fetus
106
Tx of Rh incompatability
Preventative: 300ug RhoGAM in Rh neg mom w/ Rh pos dad or unknown at 28wks and then again at 72h after deliver of Rh pos fetus
107
R/F for PROM
STDs Smoking Prior pre term deliver Multiple gestations
108
Threatened Ab
CLosed OS, bloody vag discharge, no POC expelled
109
Inevitable Ab
No POC expelled, progressive cervical dilation, PROM
110
Incomeplete Ab
Some POC expelled, OS dilated, boggy uterus
111
Complete Ab
All POC expelled, OS usually closed
112
Missed Ab
No POC expelled, OS closed, embryo not viable but retained in the uterus
113
TX for Missed Ab
D&C if 1st trimester | Or Misoprostol
114
Septic Ab
retained POC becomes infection, some POC retianed, Closed OS w/ CMT
115
Placenta previa is Painfull or painless?
Painless bleeding
116
Abruptio placenta is Painful or painless?
Painful bleeding
117
Tx for placenta previa
tocolytics (stop labor)
118
Tx for abruptio placenta
Immediate delivery
119
Define Gestational HTN
HTN without sx, no proteinuria, after 20 wks
120
Define Preeclampsia
HTN + Proteinuria after 20 wks gestation, NO SEIZURES but HA, Visual sx MILD BP >140/90 Severe: BP >160/110 HELLP Syndrome is of concern here
121
HELLP syndrome
Hemolytic anemia, elevated liver enzymes, Low plateltels
122
Tx for Preeclampsia
Deliver is the only cure | Severe: Mg sulfate, BP meds when BP >180/110 (hydralazine)
123
Eclampsia definition
Preeclapsia + seizures
124
Tx of eclampsia
ABCD's Mg sulfate for seizure Deliver of fetus once stabilized BP meds Hydrazlazine, labetaolol
125
Chronic HTN during pregnancy
Occurs before 20 wks
126
Tx of mild chronic HTN during preg.
Monitor and deliver baby at 39-40wk
127
Tx of severe chronic HTN during preg
(BP>150/100) Methyldopa is tx of choic, Labetalol, nifedipine (AVOID ACI & diuretics)

PANCE study guide (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions