Reproductive Flashcards
How to evaluate female development stages?
Tanner Stages
Tanner stage 1
< 10yrs,
preadolescent,
no hair
Tanner stage 2
10-11 yrs,
small amount hair,
breast buds
Tanner stage 3
11-13 yrs,
elevation of breast and areola, menses stage III - IV
Tanner stage 4
13-14yrs,
adult like but no hair on thigh
Tanner stage 5
> 14 yrs,
mature stage,
projection of nipple only,
hair extends to thighs
Define menarche, menopause, and postmenopausal bleeding
menarche = 1st period
menopause = 12 months without a period; age 48 - 55yo
postmenopausal bleeding = bleeding after 12 months without a period. need a biopsy
Define dysmenorrhea, LARC, PMS, Dyspareunia, and vaginismus
Dysmenorrhea = pain/cramps with period
Contraction LARC - long acting reversible contraception.. Periguard = copper that repels sperm, no hormones
PMS; for 3 consecutive cycles*
Dyspareunia = pain with sex
Vaginismus = vaginal pain in young girls with low estrogen
STIs can cause…
Chlamydia can cause infertility
Men present with “UTI” symptoms, UTI is rare, think STI*
Bartholin Glands
Located under the vagina above the anus
Job = Lubricate the vagina
Older women with low estrogen get dry
Infection = d/t e. Coli or gram - d/t proximity to rectum OR STI (chlamydia or gonorrhea)
Cervix
“Donut” cerivcal epithelia and transformation zone
Opening to the uterus
Papsmears to eval for HPV
16 and 18 –> CANCER
6 and 11 –> WARTS
Vaccinate everyone, including gay men up to 45yrs old
Epidermoid cyst
Benign in the epidermis
Venereal wart
d/t HPV 6 and 11
Syphillitic chancre
Painless
Uterine prolapse
Uterus falls through
Genital herpes
Painful in clusters, shallow vesicles
Bartholin gland infection
d/t STI or e. Coli from rectum
Condyloma acuminatum
Genital warts - HPV 6 and 11
Clue Cells
= bacterial vaginosis
Saline wash, highly concentrated, STI.
Tx = flagyl
“Sniff test” after saline or potassium –> fishy smell
Trichomonas (from wet mound reading)
with TAILS, move quick
not normal, STI that needs to be treated ASAP
Yeast
Potassium wash to kill everything else, DOES NOT kill yeast
Lactobacilli
normal
Papsmear
Begin at 21 years old, does NOT have to be sexually active