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IGCSE Biology > Reproduction In Humans > Flashcards

Reproduction In Humans Flashcards

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1
Q

What are male gametes called?

A

Spermatozoa (sperm)

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2
Q

What is the definition of sexual reproduction?

A

A process by which genetic information from two parents combines to produce a new individual.

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3
Q

Sexual reproduction provides individuals that are:

A

Different from one another.

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4
Q

What are the two functions of the male reproductive system?

A
  • To manufacture male gametes

- To deliver them to the site of fertilisation

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5
Q

Where are sperm manufactured?

A

In the testes.

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6
Q

What is the skin that surrounds the testes called?

A

The scrotum.

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7
Q

What is the urinogenital system?

A

The male reproductive system and the urethra together.

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8
Q

What are female gametes called?

A

Ova

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9
Q

Where are the ova produced?

A

In the ovaries.

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10
Q

How many ova are produced in the ovaries at one time?

A

One

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11
Q

What does the ovum travel along to reach the uterus?

A

The oviduct, also known as the Fallopian tube.

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12
Q

Where does the ovum become fertilised?

A

In the uterus.

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13
Q

When does a person become sexually able to reproduce?

A

At puberty.

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14
Q

What are female sex hormones called?

A

Oestrogen

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15
Q

What are male sex hormones called?

A

Testosterone

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16
Q

What is the cycle of producing and releasing mature ova called?

A

Menstrual cycle (a woman’s period)

– menstrual originating from the Latin word menstrua meaning month

17
Q

The ova develop from cells lining the ovary. This is triggered by FSH. What does FSH stand for?

A

Follicle stimulating hormone

18
Q

What does FSH do?

A

It causes a special cell in the ovary to produce a sac around itself.

19
Q

What is the fluid filled sac and the developing ovum in it called?

A

Graafian follicle

20
Q

What is the process called when the follicle moves to the surface of the ovary and bursts, releasing the ovum into the funnel of the oviduct?

A

Ovulation

21
Q

What are the remaining cells of the Graafian follicle called after ovulation?

A

Corpus luteum

22
Q

What produces the hormone progesterone?

A

The corpus luteum.

23
Q

What does progesterone do?

A

Keeps the wall of the uterus in good condition for the development of a zygote. It also prevents FSH secretion.

24
Q

What is peristalsis?

A

Rhythemic contractions of muscles in the wall of the oviduct.

25
Q

What are the cilia?

A

Fine hair-like structures on the lining of the oviduct that sweep the ovum along.

26
Q

What is the fertilised ovum called?

A

A zygote

IGCSE Biology (19 decks)

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