Reproduction In Humans Flashcards
What are male gametes called?
Spermatozoa (sperm)
What is the definition of sexual reproduction?
A process by which genetic information from two parents combines to produce a new individual.
Sexual reproduction provides individuals that are:
Different from one another.
What are the two functions of the male reproductive system?
- To manufacture male gametes
- To deliver them to the site of fertilisation
Where are sperm manufactured?
In the testes.
What is the skin that surrounds the testes called?
The scrotum.
What is the urinogenital system?
The male reproductive system and the urethra together.
What are female gametes called?
Ova
Where are the ova produced?
In the ovaries.
How many ova are produced in the ovaries at one time?
One
What does the ovum travel along to reach the uterus?
The oviduct, also known as the Fallopian tube.
Where does the ovum become fertilised?
In the uterus.
When does a person become sexually able to reproduce?
At puberty.
What are female sex hormones called?
Oestrogen
What are male sex hormones called?
Testosterone
What is the cycle of producing and releasing mature ova called?
Menstrual cycle (a woman’s period)
– menstrual originating from the Latin word menstrua meaning month
The ova develop from cells lining the ovary. This is triggered by FSH. What does FSH stand for?
Follicle stimulating hormone
What does FSH do?
It causes a special cell in the ovary to produce a sac around itself.
What is the fluid filled sac and the developing ovum in it called?
Graafian follicle
What is the process called when the follicle moves to the surface of the ovary and bursts, releasing the ovum into the funnel of the oviduct?
Ovulation
What are the remaining cells of the Graafian follicle called after ovulation?
Corpus luteum
What produces the hormone progesterone?
The corpus luteum.
What does progesterone do?
Keeps the wall of the uterus in good condition for the development of a zygote. It also prevents FSH secretion.
What is peristalsis?
Rhythemic contractions of muscles in the wall of the oviduct.
What are the cilia?
Fine hair-like structures on the lining of the oviduct that sweep the ovum along.
What is the fertilised ovum called?
A zygote
