Plant And Animal Cells Flashcards
Magnification = ?
Actual length
Actual size = ?
Magnification
The presence of the cellulose cell wall in plant cells mean that they are very:
Regular in shape.
The presence of the vacuole means that plant cells may be:
Quite large.
Plant cell features often relate too:
Autotrophic nutrition.
What does the large, permanent vacuole in the plant cell do?
Contains water nessecary to provide turgor pressure. They may also store ions and molecules.
Where is starch stored in a plant cell?
In the cytoplasm or the chloroplasts.
What is starch?
The storage form of carbohydrates.
What do chloroplasts contain?
Chlorophyll and the enzymes necessary for the production of glucose by photosynthesis.
What is chlorophyll?
A pigment in chloroplasts that absorbs light.
What is special about a plant cells wall?
It is freely permeable to water and dissolved substances.
What are some of the functions of the cell wall?
It provides structural support and protects against damage caused by osmotic intake of water.
What is a plant cell wall made of?
Cellulose!!!
The absence of the cellulose wall means that animal cells may be:
Very irregular in shape.
The amount of cytoplasm that can be controlled by the nucleus is limited, so animal cells may be:
Quite small.
In what form are carbohydrates stored in animal cells?
As glycogen!!!
Are animal cell vacuoles permanent?
No. They are small and temporary.
What do vacuoles in phagocytes do?
They are involved in digestion.
What do contractile vacuoles do?
They are involved in excretion. They remove excess water.
What do secretory vesicles do?
They contain cell products such as hormones or enzymes.
Are secretory vesicles more common in plant cells or animal cells?
Animal cells 🐾
Animal cell features often relate too:
Heterotrophic nutrition and high rates of metabolic activity.
What does the nucleus in plant and animal cells contain?
Genetic material!!!
What is genetic material?
DNA which makes up genes on the chromosomes.
What does the genetic material in these cells do?
It carries coded instructions for controlling the activities and characteristics of the cell.
When do chromosomes become visible?
During cell division.
What does cell surface membrane in plant and animal cells do?
It controls the entry and exit of dissolved substances and separates the cell’s contents from it’s surroundings.
What does the cytoplasm in plant and animal cells contain?
Water and dissolved substances such as sugar and salts.
What do large numbers of mitochondria in a cell indicate?
A high rate of metabolism.
What happens in organelles?
Chemical reactions!!!
What are cells with similar structures and functions called?
Tissues.
What is a combination of several tissues sometimes called?
An organ. A good example of this is the small intestine.
In complex organisms, several organs work together to perform a particular task. What is this called?
An organ system.
