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Biology 30 > Reproduction Anatomy > Flashcards

Reproduction Anatomy Flashcards

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1
Q

Function of the: Vas Deferens

A

Conduct sperm from epididymis to urethra

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2
Q

Function of the: Seminal Vesicle

A

Adds fructose and prostaglandins (food for the sperm)

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3
Q

Function of the: Prostate Gland

A

Adds mucous and alkaline secretions to semen

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4
Q

Function of the: Epididymis

A

Coiled tube where sperm mature

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5
Q

Function of the: Urethra

A

Conducts semen through the penis

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6
Q

Function of the: Testis

A

Produces sperm and testosterone

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7
Q

Function of the: Scrotum

A

Pouch of skin to hold testes outside the body

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8
Q

Flow Chart for Sperm

A

Testis-> epididymis-> vas deferens-> seminal vesicle-> prostate gland-> cowper’s gland-> urethra-> out

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9
Q

Function of the: Interstitial Cell

A

Secretes testosterone. As well as fluid that surrounds all the cell bodies.

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10
Q

Function of the: spermatogonium

A

A diploid germ cell that at puberty will be stimulated by hormones to become a sperm cell

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11
Q

Function of the: sperm

A

The male gametes: carry 23 chromosomes to fertilize an egg (female gamete which contains 23 chromosomes)

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12
Q

Function of the: sertoli cell

A

Cells in the seminiferous tubules that support and nourish developing sperm cells

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13
Q

Function of fluid contributed to semen: seminal vesicles

A

Contribute fructose, prostaglandins and fluid to semen

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14
Q

Function of fluid contributed to semen: Prostate gland

A

Contributes alkaline and mucus fluids to semen. Protects sperm against acidic environment of the vagina

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15
Q

Function of fluid contributed to semen: Cowper’s Gland

A

Contributes alkaline and mucous fluids to semen. Secretes a mucus-rich fluid prior to ejaculation

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16
Q

Function of the: Uterus

A

Houses the developing fetus

17
Q

Function of the: Endometrium

A

Lining of uterus- supplied with blood vessels to provide nutrients for the fetus

18
Q

Function of the: Fallopian tube (oviduct)

A

Conducts eggs from ovary to uterus. Location where fertilization happens

19
Q

Function of the: ovary

A

Produces eggs (process: oogenesis) and sex hormones

20
Q

Function of the: follicles

A

Specialized cells in which an ovum (egg) develops, matures and ruptures from each month

21
Q

Function of the: cervix

A

Narrow opening to uterus- sperm enter single file; must dilate to accommodate birth of baby

22
Q

Function of the: Vagina

A

Receives penis during sexual intercourse. Birth canal; exit for menstrual flow every month

23
Q

What part of the reproductive system does fertilization occur?

A

The fallopian tube (oviduct) - upper 1/3

24
Q

What is menstruation?

A

When the endometrium (uterine lining) disintegrates and its tissues and blood flow out of the vagina- occurs monthly if the egg is not fertilized

25
Q

How does an unfertilized ovum travel out of the body?

A

Follicle in ovary (follicle burst and ovum is released= ovulation) -> fallopian tube-> uterus-> cervix-> vagina-> out

26
Q

How does an fertilized ovum travel out of the body?

A

Follicle in ovary (follicle burst and ovum is released= ovulation) -> fallopian tube where ovum is fertilized by sperm-> uterus-> implants in endometrium and grows for 9 months-> exits through the cervix-> vagina-> out

27
Q

Oogenesis vs. Spermatogenesis: Number of mature gametes produced

A

F: 1 OVUM plus 3 polar bodies that die off
M: 4 sperm

28
Q

Oogenesis vs. Spermatogenesis: Division of cytoplasm

A

F: unequal- 1 egg gets all of the cytoplasm and three polar bodies (not enough cytoplasm to survive)
M: Equal division of cytoplasm

29
Q

Oogenesis vs. Spermatogenesis: Are meiosis I and II continuous?

A

F: No- eggs remain in meiosis I until puberty then meiosis II is completed at time of fertilization
M: Yes- males produce sperm from puberty until death

30
Q

Oogenesis vs. Spermatogenesis: Numbers produced

A

F: At puberty, ovary contains 300,000 to 400,000 eggs; one egg matures and is released from each ovary each month
M: Continuously produced; about 200 to 500 million per day

31
Q

What characteristics set eggs apart from sperm?

A

Larger, lots of cytoplasm, not motile, found in ovaries (follicles), only one matures gamete is produced

32
Q

What characteristics set sperm apart from eggs?

A

Much smaller, little cytoplasm, motile, found in testes, 4 matures gametes are produced

33
Q

What characteristics do eggs and sperm share?

A

Both have: have the chromosomes as body cells do, make haploid gametes, created by meiosis, stimulated to develop by FSH

34
Q

What hormones stimulates the Interstitial Cell?

A

LH

35
Q

What hormones stimulate the Spermatogonium, sperm and sertoli cell?

A

FSH

Biology 30 (10 decks)

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