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Essentials of Mammalian Biology Part Two > Reproduction > Flashcards

Reproduction Flashcards

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1
Q

Freshly ejaculated sperm needs to go through a process of change in order to fertilise the ovum. This process is called:

A

Capacitation

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2
Q

What is the name of the temporary endocrine gland that secretes progesterone?

A

Corpus Luteum

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3
Q

What best describes the order of cell division of the zygote ?

A

Zygote - blastomeres - morula- blastocyts

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4
Q

When does ovulation occur?

A

Just after the LH peak

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5
Q

Monozygotic (identical) twins are caused by two sperm fertilising a single egg. True or False

A

False

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6
Q

State five specific functions of the peak in oestrogen concentration during the cycle of the female mammal?

A

Causes behavioural oestrus ‘heat’
Increases and thickens cervical mucus
Stimulates pituitary release of LH
Stimulates retrograde uterine contractions
inhibits follicle growth - promotes follicle atresia

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7
Q

State five specific functions of progesterone during the cycle and during pregnancy of the female mammal

A 
Stimulates mammogenesis
Sensitise the brain to E2 
Inhibits the immune activity of the uterus
Suppresses behavioural oestrus
Inhibits follicle growth
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8
Q

Where is the site of spermatogenesis?

A

Seminiferous tubules

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9
Q

What produces androgens?

A

Leydig cells

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10
Q

What does NOT stimulate uterine contractions in a pregnant mother

A

Progesterone

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11
Q

What duct is not part of the male reproductive system?

A

Ureter

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12
Q

Name a gland that is not part of the female reproductive system:

A

Bulbourethral gland

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13
Q

The corpus luteum will develop to form the placenta. True or False

A

False

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14
Q

Name the hormone that stimulates the cycling female mammal to be in ‘heat’?

A

Oestrogen

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15
Q

During fertilisation the successful sperm penetrates the outer membrane of the ova. This is known as…

A

Zona pellucida

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16
Q

What is blastocyst is comprised of..

A

Trophoblast and the inner cell mass

17
Q

What is not a mammalian placental type

A

Profuse

18
Q

State two specific functions of FSH during the oestrus cycle

A

Stimulates growth of ovarian follicles

Stimulates secretion of E2 from Graafian follicles

19
Q

State two specific functions of LH during the oestrus cycle

A

Causes ovulation

Stimulates formation of the CL

20
Q

State one specific function of PGF during oestrus cycle

A

Causes luteolysis

21
Q

What is the name of the temporary endocrine gland that secretes
progesterone?

A

Corpus Luteum

22
Q

A cycle is approximately 28 days in duration in regards to the estrous cycle: True or False

A

False

23
Q

Oestrogen inhibits parturition in regards to parturition: True or False

A

False

24
Q

What are the two roles Luteinising hormone

A

Causes ovulation

Stimulates the remnants of the burst follicle to form a corpus luteum

25
Q

What is the role of oxytocin

A

Stimulate uterine contractions at birth

26
Q

What is the role of Prostaglandin

A

Luteolysis

27
Q

What is the role gonadotrophin releasing hormone

A

Stimulates gonadotrophin release from pituitary

28
Q

State five roles of Howlers

A 
Stimulate follicle growth in the uterus
Stimulate cervical mucus which increase ovulation
Contraction in urine during childbirth
Leutenise sperm cells
Ejaculation of milk
29
Q

Whats the function of the zona reaction?

A

Prevents polyspermy

30
Q

Capacitation involves biochemical changes to the acrosome: True or False

A

True

31
Q

What is the name of the outer layer of cells in a mammalian embryo at the stage when it contains two-types of cells and begins to form a placenta?

A

Trophoblast

32
Q

Gonadotrophin concentrations are low during pregnancy: True or False

A

True

33
Q

Oxytocin and PGF together amplify labour contractions during birth in farm animals such as sheep: True or False

A

True

34
Q

Name the hormone that cause uterine contractions at birth

A

Oxytocin

35
Q

Low E2 and high P4 concentrations maintain pregnancy, promote mammogenesis and inhibit lactogenesis: True or False

A

True

36
Q

Oxytocin stimulates colostrum secretion, regarding the initiation of lactogenesis: True or False

A

False

37
Q

Where is Oestrogen secretion from?

A

Graafian follicles

38
Q

Where does Oestrogen act on

A

Brain, ovarian follicles, uterus and cervix

Essentials of Mammalian Biology Part Two (13 decks)

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