Reproduction Flashcards
Freshly ejaculated sperm needs to go through a process of change in order to fertilise the ovum. This process is called:
Capacitation
What is the name of the temporary endocrine gland that secretes progesterone?
Corpus Luteum
What best describes the order of cell division of the zygote ?
Zygote - blastomeres - morula- blastocyts
When does ovulation occur?
Just after the LH peak
Monozygotic (identical) twins are caused by two sperm fertilising a single egg. True or False
False
State five specific functions of the peak in oestrogen concentration during the cycle of the female mammal?
Causes behavioural oestrus ‘heat’
Increases and thickens cervical mucus
Stimulates pituitary release of LH
Stimulates retrograde uterine contractions
inhibits follicle growth - promotes follicle atresia
State five specific functions of progesterone during the cycle and during pregnancy of the female mammal
Stimulates mammogenesis Sensitise the brain to E2 Inhibits the immune activity of the uterus Suppresses behavioural oestrus Inhibits follicle growth
Where is the site of spermatogenesis?
Seminiferous tubules
What produces androgens?
Leydig cells
What does NOT stimulate uterine contractions in a pregnant mother
Progesterone
What duct is not part of the male reproductive system?
Ureter
Name a gland that is not part of the female reproductive system:
Bulbourethral gland
The corpus luteum will develop to form the placenta. True or False
False
Name the hormone that stimulates the cycling female mammal to be in ‘heat’?
Oestrogen
During fertilisation the successful sperm penetrates the outer membrane of the ova. This is known as…
Zona pellucida
What is blastocyst is comprised of..
Trophoblast and the inner cell mass
What is not a mammalian placental type
Profuse
State two specific functions of FSH during the oestrus cycle
Stimulates growth of ovarian follicles
Stimulates secretion of E2 from Graafian follicles
State two specific functions of LH during the oestrus cycle
Causes ovulation
Stimulates formation of the CL
State one specific function of PGF during oestrus cycle
Causes luteolysis
What is the name of the temporary endocrine gland that secretes
progesterone?
Corpus Luteum
A cycle is approximately 28 days in duration in regards to the estrous cycle: True or False
False
Oestrogen inhibits parturition in regards to parturition: True or False
False
What are the two roles Luteinising hormone
Causes ovulation
Stimulates the remnants of the burst follicle to form a corpus luteum
What is the role of oxytocin
Stimulate uterine contractions at birth
What is the role of Prostaglandin
Luteolysis
What is the role gonadotrophin releasing hormone
Stimulates gonadotrophin release from pituitary
State five roles of Howlers
Stimulate follicle growth in the uterus Stimulate cervical mucus which increase ovulation Contraction in urine during childbirth Leutenise sperm cells Ejaculation of milk
Whats the function of the zona reaction?
Prevents polyspermy
Capacitation involves biochemical changes to the acrosome: True or False
True
What is the name of the outer layer of cells in a mammalian embryo at the stage when it contains two-types of cells and begins to form a placenta?
Trophoblast
Gonadotrophin concentrations are low during pregnancy: True or False
True
Oxytocin and PGF together amplify labour contractions during birth in farm animals such as sheep: True or False
True
Name the hormone that cause uterine contractions at birth
Oxytocin
Low E2 and high P4 concentrations maintain pregnancy, promote mammogenesis and inhibit lactogenesis: True or False
True
Oxytocin stimulates colostrum secretion, regarding the initiation of lactogenesis: True or False
False
Where is Oestrogen secretion from?
Graafian follicles
Where does Oestrogen act on
Brain, ovarian follicles, uterus and cervix
