Reproduction Flashcards
At what breast stage does menarche typically begin?
3-4
*breast development and pubic hair occur 8-13
At what stages do men develop pubic hair?
stage 4 and 5
OB/GYN History includes…
- first menarche, duration, flow, cycle length, LMP
- Breast history
- Previous GYN surgery
- history of infertility
- Last pap smear
What is gravid? para
- number of pregnancies
2. number of viable births/offspring
What is TPAL?
- T – Term deliveries >37 wks gestation
- P – Preterm delivery 20 to <37 wks gestation
- A – Abortion <20wks gestation
- L – Live delivery regardless of gestational age
What is included in a Well Woman Exam?
- Pap smear (women 21-65)
2. Mammogram (50+ or earlier with high risk)
How often should a woman get a pap smear?
- Yearly for women with abnormal pap smear
- Every 3 years for women with consecutively normal pap smears
- Every 5 years with women with consecutively normal pap smear with negative HPV testing
What is a pap smear?
- Papanicolaou (Pap) test (cytology) to help screen for cervical cancer
- Sample taken of the cervix (ectocervix) and the cervical canal (endocervix) during a speculum exam
Where should you get a sample during the pap smear?
ectocervix, endocervix, the transitional zone and squamocolumnar junction (SCJ)
Is cervical cancer hereditary?
Nope - 99% caused by high risk HPV strains
Where do we typically find cancer cells in the cervix?
transitional zone
What does a pelvic exam include?
Pelvic exam
– Examines the internal and external genitalia
• Visual inspection
• Bimanual exam
– Check for cervical motion tenderness (pain with bimanual exam)
– Obtain swabs for gonorrhea, chlamydia and wet prep for yeast, trichomonas or bacterial
vaginosis
What does an ectopic pregnancy present with?
- abdominal or pelvic pain with vaginal bleeding
- may have other pregnancy related symptoms
*start with a pregnancy test, speculum exam, and then determine if its ectopic
If a woman comes in with pelvic pain and is under 55, what should you begin with?
pregnancy test
How does a UTI present?
- dysuria, urinary frequency, urinary urgency, suprapubic pain
- may have hematuria
*perform abdominal exam, Lloyd’s punch
What does a well male exam include?
•Prostate exam and testicular exam is not recommended routinely.
•Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) is not recommended routinely.
– PSA may be indicated for patient with family history of prostate cancer
•These exams or lab are performed based on patient signs and symptoms from history