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PCM II > MCM/HDM Topics > Flashcards

MCM/HDM Topics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the features of nasal rhinitis?

A

Nasal salute, allergic shiners, atopic rhinitis

Type I hypersensitivity

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2
Q

Type I hypersensitivity symtoms

A

allergic conjunctivitis, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, GI

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3
Q

What are examples of type II HS?

A

ABO mistmatch, IgM mediated cold AI hemolytic anemia, Rheumatic fever, newborn Rh hemolytic disease, MG, Graves disease

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4
Q

What is HS type 2?

A

Antibody-mediated cytotoxic reaction that involves complement activation.

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5
Q

What gives hints at Arthurs rxn (HS 3)?

A

acute onset, fever, spontaneous resolves in 1-3 days

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6
Q

What should we think of with type 3?

A
  • Deposition of circulating complexes of antigen bound to IgG or IgM in target tissue with subsequent complement activation -> neutrophils/macrophages which damage tissues
  • farmer’s lung, serum sickness
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7
Q

What are type 4?

A

poison ivy (linear vesicular lesions), allergic contact dermatitis

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8
Q

Features of RA

A
  • wake up sore, improve throughout day
  • onset 30-50 years
  • pain and stiffness in multiple joints
  • fatigue, weight loss, anemia
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9
Q

How to dx RA?

A

Physicians must use history and physical examination findings to differentiate the inflammatory arthritis in RA from another etiology, including systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, psoriatic arthritis, sarcoidosis, crystal arthropathy, and spondyloarthropathy

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10
Q

First line treatment for RA

A

methotrexate - give it to them earlier rather than later

*should diagnose within 3 months of remission (cannot cure)

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11
Q

How does JRA present?

A
  • painless joint inflammation (not red, not hot)
  • chronic arthritis lasting six weeks in at least one joint and exclusion of other causes of symptoms in a person under age 16
  • diagnose after you’ve ruled out everything else
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12
Q

What is the primary morbidity associated with JRA?

A

idiopathic inflammatory eye disease

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13
Q

What is present with most SLE cases?

A
  • Fatigue and Arthralgia are present in almost all patients with SLE
  • affects many systems (pan positive view of symptoms)
  • malar rash or discoid rash

*comes in flares

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14
Q

How many ACRs do you need to dx lupus? yes or no to ANA?

A
  1. 4

2. yes

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15
Q

What is Psoriasis?

A

inflammatory skin condition associated with smoking, trauma, obesity… with onset
-HIV can process it

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16
Q

How to dx psoriasis?

A

Diagnosis is based on the typical erythematous, scaly skin lesions, often with additional manifestations in the nails and joints. Plaque psoriasis is the most common form
*weird nails

17
Q

Grave’s Disease

A
  • AI disorder in which activate TSH receptors
  • triggering increased thyroid hormone synthesis (hyperthyroid) which amplify catecholamine signaling through increased numbers of cell surface beta-adrenergic receptors.
18
Q

With female patients think…

A

AI

19
Q

Hashimoto Thyroiditis

A
  • Malfunctioning immune cells attack your thyroid, limiting its production of thyroid hormone production
  • elevated TSH, TPO
20
Q

Primary Immunodeficiency in children

A
  • 55% AB disorders
  • recurrent infections
  • IgA is most common
  • conditions don’t see until they stop breast feeding
  • when they get weird infections, think this
  • infections are in all different parts of the body
21
Q

AB disorders of 1ID

A
  1. Agammaglobulinemia (X-linked Bruton tyrosine kinase def) - absence of B cells in peripheral and umbilical blood; all Ig subclasses are decreased; may lack tonsils and/or LNs
  2. Hypogammaglobulinemia - low levels of any of the Igs; ear, sinus, and pulmonary infections are common
22
Q

HIV symptoms

A

Mucocutaneous ulcerations, rash, myalgia/arthralgias, anorexia/weight loss, fever, CNS manifestations, fatigue/malaise, headache, lymphadenopathy, pharyngitis, GI distress.

23
Q

How do children present with HIV?

A

HIV clinically resembles a T-cell immunodeficiency disorders like SCID and should be considered in newborns and adolescents who present with diarrhea, failure to thrive, and unusual opportunistic infections

24
Q

What should you get to dx HIV?

A

ELISA, Viral load, p24

PCM II (15 decks)

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