Repro problems in bulls Flashcards
Do cows and bulls develop immunity to Campylobacter fetus veneralis?
Cows do (but may shed for up to a year) Bulls don't!
How many preputial washes are required to diagnose Campylobacter in bulls?
2 washes 3-7 days apart
Repeat again 30 days after treatment
What antibiotic is used to treat Campylobacter in young bulls?
Streptomycin
What is a testicular hydrocoele?
Fluid filled sac in testicles
Result of infection, inflammation, trauma or tumour
How is a testicular hydrocoele diagnosed?
Ultrasound
What pathogen causes infectious pustular vaginitis or balanoposthitis?
BHV-1
How is Infectious Pustular Vaginitis/Balanoposthitis (BHV-1) transmitted?
Via semen
(Bulls are infection route for cows with IBR but strains very different - IPV/IPB not associated with respiratory disease or abortion)
Infectious pustular balanoposthitis (BHV-1) causes a painful swelling of the prepuce. It is rare in the UK. What is the treatment?
No specific treatment needed
What causes a penile haematoma?
Sudden bending of the penis
Rupture of the tunica albuginea (‘broken penis’)
A broken penis or penile haematoma occurs in what age bulls? Where is the haematoma anatomically?
Young bulls
Distal to bend of sigmoid flexure
If there is a swelling cranial to the scrotum seen with a penile haematoma, what may have occured?
Prolapsed prepuce
How can a penile haematoma be treated (3 ways)?
Rest, cold hosing, massage and antibiotics
Surgery
Or cull - risk of abscessation, adhesions and nerve damage
Penile fibropapillomas affect young bulls. Most regress over time, but when is surgery required? What nerve block is surgery performed under?
If interfering with serving
Pudendal nerve block
When do persistent frenulums usually breakdown?
Puberty
Seminal vesiculitis is inflammation of the seminal vesicles, often seen in young bulls. What may be seen in the ejaculate?
Neutrophils/inflammatory cells
