Basics/intro Flashcards
How long is bovine gestation?
283d
What type of breeders are cows?
Non-seasonal
Polyoestrus
How long is the oestrus cycle in cows?
21 days +/- 3
18-24d
How long is oestrus in a cow?
18 hrs
When does ovulation occur in cows?
24 hrs after start of oestrus
12-18 hrs after end of oestrus
How many days gestation is classed as abortion?
<270d
Should abortions be reported?
YES - always
To DEFRA/APHA
How long should you thaw an AI straw?
40 seconds
At 37 degrees
Which has more sperm in it - a sexed straw or non-sexed straw?
Sexed (2-4 million)
Non-sexed (10-12k)
What happens if a cow has AI too early?
Shorter lactation
What happens if a cow has AI in dioestrus?
Pyometra
Progesterone immunosuppressive
A fertile bull should get how many cows pregnant within what time frame?
90% of 50 healthy, cycling, disease free cows in 9 wks (90-9)
60% should be within first 3 wks
What is the rule of thumb when testing bull libido?
Should serve within 20 minutes (or ideally 10)
What gross motility score of semen is deemed acceptable?
3+
Ranges from 1-5
If a bull has some seminal abnormalities, is it acceptable to be used?
Yes - only if low number
Low numbers acceptable
(70% should be normal morphology)
What linear progressive score of bull semen (%) is deemed to be acceptable?
60+
What minimum % of bull sperm should have normal morphology to be deemed acceptable?
70+
What is used to stain sperm?
Nigrosine-eosin
What is the circumference of a 2 year old bull scortum?
34cm
Uterine torsion is usually in what direction?
Anti-clockwise
Stood behind cow
How can you tell the difference between luteal and follicular cysts on ultrasound?
Follicular = thick walled >3mm Luteal = thin walls
What is the treatment for follicular cysts?
Burst, GnRH, aspirate or leave alone
If a cow comes into heat soon after treating a follicular cyst, should you serve it?
No
Cyst may have ovulated but is old and infertile - wait until next heat
What is the treatment for a luteal cyst?
Prostaglandin
What is endometritis?
Purulent uterine discharge after 21d postpartum
What is metritis?
Enlarged uterus with purulent discharge within 21d postpartum
What is pyometra?
Accumulation of purulent material within uterine lumen in the presence of CL and a closed cervix
(No discharge)
Which repro problem of a bull can be diagnosed by preputial washes?
Campylobacter fetus veneralis
