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First Aid Drugs > Repro > Flashcards

Repro Flashcards

1
Q

ACEI effect on fetus?

A

renal damage

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2
Q

Alkylating agents effect on fetus?

A

absence of digits, mult anomalies

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3
Q

Aminoglycosides effect on fetus?

A

CN VIII tox (a mean guy hit the baby in the ear)

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4
Q

Carbamazepine effect on fetus?

A

neural tube defects, craniofacial defects, fingernail hypoplasia, develop delay, IUGR

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5
Q

DES effect on fetus?

A

vaginal clear cell adenoca, congenital Mullerian anomalies

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6
Q

Folate antag’s effect on fetus?

A

neutral tube defects

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7
Q

Li effect on fetus?

A

Ebstein’s anomaly (atrialized RV, meaning huge RA and small RV, 50% have WPW synd)

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8
Q

Phenytoin effect on fetus?

A

fetal hydantoin synd (microcephaly, dysmorphic craniofacial features, hypoplastic nails and distal phalanges, heart defects, IUGR, retard), neuroblastoma, bl’ing from VitK defic

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9
Q

Tetracyclines effect on fetus?

A

discolored teeth

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10
Q

Thalidomide effect on fetus?

A

limb defects (flipper limbs)

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11
Q

Valproate effect on fetus?

A

inhib of mat folate ab’n -> neural tube defects, autism

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12
Q

Warfarin effect on fetus?

A

bone deformities, fetal hemorrhage, abortion, eye abnl’ities, nasal hypoplasia, agenesis corpus callosum (GIVE HEPARIN!!!)

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13
Q

Cocaine effect on fetus?

A

abnl fetal development, fetal addiction, placental abruption (sm head, low birth wt, renal agenesis, CHD)

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14
Q

Smoking (nicotine, CO) effect on fetus?

A

preterm labor, placental problems, IUGR, ADHD

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15
Q

Lack/excess of iodide effect on fetus?

A

congenital goiter or hypothyroidism (cretinism)

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16
Q

Mat DM effect on fetus?

A

caudal regression synd (anal atresia to sirenomelia), heart and neural tube defects

17
Q

VitA excess effect on fetus?

A

high spont abortion rate and birth defects (cleft palate, heard abnl’ities)

18
Q

XRs effect on fetus?

A

microcephaly, retard

19
Q

Leuprolide

- mech, clin use, toxicity

A
  • GnRH analog, agonist in pulsatile fashion, or antag in cont fashion (down reg’s R in pit)
  • pulsative for infertility, cont for prostate ca (w/ flutamide), uterine fibroids and precocious puberty
  • antiandrogen, N/V
    “LEUprolide can be used in LIEU of GnRH”
20
Q

Testosterone, methyltestosterone

- mech, clin use, tox

A
  • androgen R agonist
  • trt hypogonadism and promote 2* sex charac’s, stim anabolism to promote recovery after burn/injury
  • masculinization in F, reduces intratestic T in M bc inhib’s LH release (neg fdbk) -> gonadal atropy, premature close of epiphyseal plates, incr’d LDL and decr’d HDL
21
Q

Finasteride =

- mech, clin use

A

antiandrogen

  • 5a-reductase inhib (no DHT)
  • BPH, promotes hair growth
22
Q

Flutamide =

- mech, clin use

A

antiandrogen

  • nonsteroidal competitive inhib of androgens at T R
  • prostate ca
23
Q

Ketoconazole =

- mech, clin use, SEs

A

antiandrogen

  • inhib’s steroid syn by inhib’ing 17,20-desmolase
  • PCOS to prevent hirsutism
  • gynecomastia and amenorrhea
24
Q

Sprinolactone =

- mech, clin use, SEs

A

antiandrogen

  • inhib’s steroid binding
  • PCOS to prevent hirsutism
  • gynecomastia and amenorrhea
25
Q

Estrogens =

  • mech, clin use, tox
  • C/I’s?
A

ethinyl estradiol, mestranol

  • bind E Rs
  • hypogonadism/ov failure, menstrual abnl’ities, HRT in postmenp F; use in M w/ androgen-dep prostate ca
  • incr’d risk of endometrial ca, bl’ing in postmenop F, incr’d risk of thrombi
  • ER(+) br ca, hx of DVTs
26
Q

Clomiphene

- mech, clin use, SEs

A

SERM; partial agonist at E Rs in hypo -> no nl fdbk so incr’d LH/FSH from pit -> ovulation

  • infertility, PCOS
  • hot flashes, ov enlargement, mult preg’s at 1 time, visual disturbances
27
Q

Tamoxifen

- mech, clin use

A

SERM but antag on br tissue

- trt and prevent recurrence of ER-pos br ca

28
Q

Raloxifene

- mech, clin use

A

SERM, agonist on bone to reduce resorption

- osteoporosis

29
Q

HRT (hormone replacement tx)

  • used for in F?
  • tox?
A
  • relief/prevention of menop sx and osteoporosis

- unopposed E tx -> incr’d risk of endometrial ca, so add on proges; possible incr’d CV risk

30
Q

Anastrozole/exemestane =

A

aromatase inhib’s used in postmenop. F w/ br ca

31
Q

Progestins

- mech, clin use

A

Bind proges Rs, reduce growth and incr vascularization of endometrium
- in OCPs, in trtmt of endometrial ca nad abnl uterine bl’ing

32
Q

Mifepristone (RU-486)

- mech, clin use, tox

A

competitive inhib of progestins at proges R

  • abortion, give w/ misoprostol (PGE1)
  • heavy bl’ing, GI effects (N/V/anorexia), ab pain
33
Q

OCP

  • mech
  • progestins cause?
  • C/I’d in who?
A

E and progestins inhib LH/FSH -> no E surge -> no LH surge and no ovulation

  • thicken cervical mucus, inhib endometrial prolif (less nice for implantation)
  • Smokers >35yo, hx of thromboembolism and stroke, hx ER(+) tumor
34
Q

Terbutaline

- mech, used to

A

b2-agonist that relaxes the uterus

- reduces premature uterine contrac’s

35
Q

Tamsulosin

- mech, used in, selective for

A

a1-antag that inhib’s SmM contrac

  • used in BPH
  • a1(A,D) R on prostate and vasc a1(B) Rs
36
Q

Sildenafil

- mech, clin use, tox

A

inhib PDE5 -> incr’d cGMP and SmM relax in corpus cavernosum -> incr’d bl flow and erection

  • ED
  • HA, flushing, dyspepsia, impaired blue-gr color vision; BAD hypotension if taken w/ nitrates
37
Q

Danazol

- mech, clin use, tox

A

synthetic androgen, partial agonist at androgen Rs

  • endometriosis and hereditary angioedema
  • wt gain, edema, acne, hirsutism, masculinization, decr’d HDL, hepatotox
38
Q

EtOH affect on fetus:

A

mental retardation, sm head, VSD, ASD, ADD, thin upper lip, flat btwn nose/upper lip, sm eye openings

First Aid Drugs (13 decks)

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