Biochem Flashcards
Tetracycline
Bind prok 30S and block aminoacyl tRNA from entering the acceptor site
Aminoglycosides
Bind prok 30S and inhibit formation of initiation complex and cause misreading of mRNA
Chloramphenicol
Binds euk 50S and inhibits peptidyl transferase
Macrolides
Bind euk 50S and prevent release of uncharged tRNA after it has donated its AA
Hydroxyurea
Inhibits ribonucleotide reductase (no UDP to dUDP)
6-MP
Blocks de novo purine synthesis (no PRPP to IMP)
5-FU
Inhibits thymidylate synthase (no dUMP to dTMP)
Methotrexate
Inhibits dihydrofolate reductase (no DHF to THF so no dUMP to dTMP)
Trimethoprim
Inhibits bac dihydrofolate reductase (no DHF to THF, so no dUMP to dTMP)
Fluoroquinolones
Inhibit DNA gyrase (prok topoII)
Mebendazole/thiabendazole
Act on microtubules; antihelminthic
Griseofulvin
Act on microtubules; antifungal
Vincristine/vinblastine
Act on microtubules; anti-cancer
Paclitaxel
Act on microtubules; anti-breast cancer
Colchicine
Act on microtubules; anti-gout
Ouabain
Inhibits Na/K pump by binding K+ site
Cardiac glycosides (digoxin and digitoxin)
Directly inhibit Na/K ATPase, causing indirect inhibition of Na/Ca exchange so there’s more Ca in cell and more heart contractility
Fomepizole
Inhibits alcohol DH and is antidote for methanol or ethylene glycol poisoning
Disulfiram (Antabuse)
Inhibits acetaldehyde DH (EtOH –> acetaldehyde –> acetate); so acetaldehyde accumulates –> hangover sx
Electron transport inhibitors
Rotenone (complex I) Antimycin A (complex III) Cyanide, CO (complex IV)
ATP synthase inhibitor
Oligomycin, prevents ATPsynthase from working
Uncoupling agents
2,4-DNP, aspirin, thermogenin in brown fat
Stop ATP syn but allow e- transport -> heat
