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Anatomy > Repro 2 > Flashcards

Repro 2 Flashcards

1
Q

4 muscles of the perineum

A

External anal sphincter
Superficial transverse perineal muscle
Bulbospongiosus
Ischiocavernosus

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2
Q

Innervation of external anal sphincter, bulbospongiosus, ischiocavernosus, superficial transverse perneal

A

Pudendal nerve

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3
Q

Innervation of the deep transverse perineal muscle and external urethral sphincter

A

Pudendal nerve

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4
Q

Action of bulbospongiosus and ischiocavernosus in men and women

A 
Men = Empties urethra
Women = Clenches vagina

(Think superficial transverse perineal muscle does the same)

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5
Q

Function of deep transverse perineal muscle

A

Expulsion of semen

Expulsion of urine in both sexes

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6
Q

Muscles that converge on the perineal body

A

Bulbocavernosus
Superficial transverse perineal
External anal sphincter
?Levator ani?

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7
Q

What is the perineal body and what happens when it’s damaged

A

The final support for the pelvic viscera

Damage to it can lead to P.O.P.

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8
Q

3 parts of the male urethra

A

Prostatic
Membranous
Spongy (penile)

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9
Q

Symptoms of an enlarged prostate

A

Increased urgency and frequency
Weak/slow stream
Difficulty starting urination (?hesitance?)
Feeling of incomplete voiding

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10
Q

Widest and narrowest part of the male urethra

A 
Widest = Prostatic
Narrowest = Membranous
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11
Q

Major content of the ischioanal fossa

A

Fat and loose connective tissue

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12
Q

Contents of the pudendal canal

A

Internal pudendal a and v

Pudendal nerve

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13
Q

What do the contents for the Pudendal canal supply

A

Supply, drain and innervates the perineum

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14
Q

What 3 structures constitute the birth canal

A

Cervix, vagina, vulva

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15
Q

3 layer of the uterus from outside to in

A

Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium

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16
Q

Where is the vesicouterine pouch and rectouterine pouch

A 
Vesicouterine = between uterus and bladder 
Rectouterine = between rectum and uterus
17
Q

Symptoms of a retroverted and retroflexed uterus

A

Dyspareunia

Dysmenorrhoea

18
Q

Symptoms of a retroverted and retroflexed uterus

A

Dyspareunia

Dysmenorrhoea

19
Q

Which vaginal fornix gives access to the rectouterine pouch and why is it important

A

Posterior fornix

Allows for culdocentesis (draining fluid e.g. abscess from pouch of Douglas)

20
Q

What does the round ligament of the uterus do

A

Maintains anteversion

21
Q

Cardinal ligament AKA

A

Transverse cervical ligament

22
Q

4 parts of the fallopian tubes

A

Isthmus
Ampulla
Infundibulum
Fimbriae

23
Q

Widest and longest part of the fallopian tube

A

Ampulla

24
Q

Where in the fallopian tube does the fertilization occur

A

Ampulla

25
Q

2 ligaments associated with the ovary

A 
Broad ligament (mesovarium)
Suspensory ligament of the ovary
26
Q

How are the Broad ligament and Suspensory ligament of the ovary connected to the ovary

A

Broad ligament = uterus to ovary

Suspensory ligament of the ovary = ovary to lateral pelvic wall

27
Q

What arteries supply the gonads and genitalia

A

Gonadal and internal illiac arteries

28
Q

What vertebral level do the gonadal arteries arise

A

L2

29
Q

Where do the right and left gonadal veins drain into

A 
Right = IVC 
Left = Left renal artery
30
Q

What does water under the bridge refer to

A

The ureter crossing under the uterine artery

Important to remember when ligating the uterine artery

31
Q

Common complication of hysterectomies

A

Iatrogenic injury to the ureter

32
Q

What drains the ovaries

A

Para-aortic LNs

33
Q

How far do the breasts extend vertically and laterally

A 
Vertically = 2nd to 6th rib 
Laterally = Lateral border of the sternum to ant. Axillary line
34
Q

The deep surface of the breasts relates to what 3 muscles

A

Pectoralis major
Serratos ant
External Oblique

35
Q

Blood supply to the breasts

A

Medial mammary a (from internal thoracic a)
Lateral mammary a (from lateral thoracic a)

Veins share the same name

36
Q

3 main LNs that drain the breasts

A

Supraclavicular
Axillary
Parasternal (medial quadrants)

37
Q

What group of LNs drain the lateral part of the breasts

A

Pectoral

Anatomy (7 decks)

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