MSK - Upper Limb 1 Flashcards
Mucles affected in Erb’s palsy
- Biceps brachii
- Brachialis
- Deltoid
Segmental roots of the upper, middle and lower trunk of the brachial plexus
- Upper = C5 + 6
- Middle = C7
- Lower = C8 + T1
What’s involved in Klumpke’s palsy
-Lower trunk
5 Major branches of the brachial plexus
- Radial
- Median
- Ulnar
- Axillary
- Musculocutaneous
What makes up the lateral, medial and posterior cord
- Lateral = C5 + 6
- Medial = C8 + T1
- Posterior = C6-C8
Nerve off the lateral, medial and posterior cord
- Lateral = Musculocutaneous (lateral root of median n. alslo)
- Medial = Unlnar (Medial root of median n. also)
- Posterior = Radial + axillary
What type of joints are the AC and SC joints
- AC = Synovial plane
- SC = Synovial saddle
What elevates and depresses the scapula
Elevates
- Trapezius (upper fibres)
- Rhomboid
- Levator scapula
Depresses
- Trpezius (lower fibres)
- Pec minor, serratous ant.
what protracts and retracts the scapula
Retraction
- Trapezius (middle fibres)
- Rhomboids
Protraction
-Serratous ant.
Which bursa of the shoulder communicates witht the joint cavity
Subscapular bursa
Action of the ant, middle and posterior fibres of the deltoid on the shoulder joint
- Ant. = Internal rotation + flexion
- Middle = Abduction
- Post. = Extension + external rotation
What nerve supplies the deltoid and how is it commonly damaged
- Axillary (C5, 6)
- Fracture of the surgical neck of the humerus
Action of pec major on the shoulder joint
- Internal rotation
- Adduction
What nerve supplies serratous ant. + sign of injury to this nerve + what procedure commonly injures it
- Long thoracic nerve (C5-7)
- Winged scapula
- Radical mastectomy
Action of the sup. middle and inf. fibres of the trapezius on the scapula
- Sup. = Elevation
- Middle = Retraction
- Inf. = Depression
Action of teres major and latissmuss dorsi on the shoulder joint
- Teres major = Internal rotation + Adduction
- Latissmuss dorsi = Internal rotation + Adduction + Extension
What muscles flex and extend the shoulder
Flexion
- Ant. deltoid
- Upper pec major
Extension
- Post. deltoid
- Latissimus dorsi
What muscles adduct and abduct the shoulder
Adduct
- Teres major
- Latissimus dorsi
Abduct
-Middle deltoid
What muscles internally and externally rotate the shoulder
Internally rotate
- Pec and teres major
- Lattisimus dorsi
- Subscapularis
Externally rotate
- Teres minor
- Infraspinatous
Most ant. muscle in arm
Biceps brachii
Where do the long and short head of the bicep arise from
- Long = Supraglenoid tubercle (runs in the bicipital groove of the humerus)
- Short = Coracoid process (along with coracobrachialis)
Where does the biceps tendon attactch distally
Radial tuberosity
Action of biceps brachii on shoulder, elbow and sup. radio-ulnar joint
- Shoulder + elbow = Flexion
- Radio-ulnar joint = Supination
Innervation of biceps and what cord that nerve comes from
- Musculocutaneous (C5-6)
- Lateral cord
Action of coracobrachialis on shoulder and innervation of it
- Flexion
- Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-7)
Action and innervation of brachialis
- Flexion of elbow joint
- Musculocutaneous nerve
What does the musculocutaneous nerve innervate
- Biceps brachii
- Coracobrachialis
- Brachialis
- Skin of lateral forearm (AKA lateral cutaneous n.)
Branches of brachial artery
- Radial + ulnar (~at neck of radius)
- Profunda brachii
What cord does the median nerve arise from
Lateral and medial
What does the median nerve supply
All flexors in forearm (except carpi ulnaris)
