MSK - Upper Limb 2 Flashcards
What cord does the ulnar nerve arise from and what does it innervate
- Medial cord
- Flexor carpi ulnaris
- Medial half of flexor digitorum profundus
3 common sites of humerus where 3 nerves could be injured
- Radial groove = radial nerve
- Medial epicondyle = ulnar nerve
- Surgical neck = Axillary nerve
Medial and lateral borders of the cubital fossa and its contents
- Medial = Pronator teres
- Lateral = Brachioradialis
- Brachial a (radial + ulnar)
- Biceps brachii tendon
- Median n.
- Median cubital vein
2 processes of the unla
- Olecranon
- Coronoid
Action of triceps and anconeus muscles on elbow joint and their innervation
- Extension
- Radial nerve
What cord forms the radial nerve and what doe sit innervate
- Posterior cord
- All extensors at elbow + wrist joint
What blood vessel does the radial nerve run along and what’s the segmental value of it
- Profunda brachii
- C5-T1
What nerve is most likely to be damaged by a midshaft humeral fracture and what would it look like
- Radial nerve
- Wrist drop
Flexors and extensors at the elbow joint
Flexors
- Biceps brachii
- Brachialis
- Brachioradialis
Extensors
- Triceps
- Anconeus
What type of joint isthe radio-ulnar joint and what ligament supports it and how
- Pivot synovial joint
- Annular ligament
- Froms a collar and holds head of radius
Muscles responsible for supination and pronation and their innervation
Supination
- Biceps brachii (musculocutaneous n.)
- Supinator (radial n.)
Pronation
- Pronator quadratus (median n.)
- Pronator teres (median n.)
Most powerful supinator and pronator of the forearm
- Supinator = Biceps brachii
- Pronator = Pronator teres
What do the anterior muscles of the forearm do
- Flex wrist and digits
- Pronate forearm
4 muscels of the superficial group of the anterior forearm and their innervation
- Pronator teres (median n.)
- Flexor carpi radialis (median n.)
- Palmaris longus (median n.)
- Flexor carpi ulnaris (ulnar n.)
What muscles abduct and adduct the wrist
- Adduction = Flexor carpi ULNARIS
- Abduction = Flexor carpi RADIALIS
Action + innervation of brachioradilais
- Flexes elbow
- Supination
- Radial n. (exception to radial n. supplies extensors)
Innervation and action of flexor digitorum superficialis
- Median n.
- Flex wrist, metacarpalphalangeal joint and interphalangeal joint
Where do flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicus longus and pronator quadratus lie
- Flexor digitorum profundus = Ulna
- Flexor pollicus longus = Radius
- Pronator teres = Between distal parts of both bones
Action + innervation of flexor digitorum profundus
- Flexes distal phalanges + wrist
- Ulanr n. (medial part, digits 4+5) + Median n. (lateral part, digits 2+3)
Action + innervation of flexor pollicus longus
- Flexes thumb
- Median n.
Action + innervation of pronator quadratus
- Pronation
- Median n.
What does the medial n. supply and what 2 muscles does it not supply
-Supplies the anterior compartment of the forearm (mostly)
Doesnt’t supply
-Flexor carpi ulnaris
-Medial half of Flexor Digitorum Profundus
How does the median n. enter the hand
Via carpal tunnel (under flexor retinaculum)
Relationship between the ulnar n. + a.
Distal = Ulnar n. is medial to ulnar artery
Contents of carpal tunnel
- Median n.
- Flexor digitorum superficialis (4 tendons)
- Flexor digitorum profundus (4 tendons)
- Flexor pollicuslongus (1 tendon)
What muscle of the forearm is continuous with the palmar fascia
Palmaris longus
5 compartments of the hand
- Thenar
- Hypothenar
- Adductor
- Central (lumbricals and long flexor tendons)
- Interosseous
3 muscles of the thenar eminence and their innervation
- Abductor pollicis brevis
- Flexor pollicus brevis
- Opponens pollicis
-Median nerve
3 muscles of the hypothenar eminence
- Abductor digiti minimi
- Flexor digiti minimi
- Opponens digiti minimi
-Ulnar nerve
Innervation of adductor pollicis
-Ulnar nerve
