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Repro System - Anatomy > Repro. - 2 > Flashcards

Repro. - 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the sympathetic innervation of the urinary bladder?

A

Hypogastric nerve (T12-L2)

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2
Q

What is the parasympathetic innervation of the urinary bladder?

A

Pelvic splanchnic nerve (S2-S4)

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3
Q

What is the sympathetic effect on the urinary bladder?

A

Relaxation of the detrusor muscle
Promotes urinary retention

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4
Q

What is the parasympathetic effect on the urinary bladder?

A

Contraction of the detrusor muscle
Stimulating micturition

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5
Q

What is the somatic innervation of the urinary bladder?

A

Pudendal nerve (S2-S4)

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6
Q

What is the somatic effect on the urinary bladder?

A

Innervates the external urethral sphincter
Voluntary control over micturition

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7
Q

What is the epithelium of the urinary bladder?

A

Transitional epithelium

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8
Q

What is the arterial supply of the urinary bladder?

A

Superior vesical branch of the internal iliac artery
Males - inferior vesical artery
Females - vaginal artery

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9
Q

What is the venous drainage of the urinary bladder?

A

Vesical venous plexus drains into internal iliac vein

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10
Q

What are the lymphatics of the urinary bladder?

A

Superolateral aspect - external iliac LNs
Neck and fundus - internal iliac, sacral and common iliac nodes

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11
Q

What is the arterial supply of the rectum?

A

Superior rectal - inferior mesenteric artery
Middle rectal - internal iliac artery
Inferior rectal - internal pudendal artery

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12
Q

What is the venous drainage of the rectum?

A

Superior, middle and inferior rectal veins
Superior to portal venous system
Middle and inferior to systemic

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13
Q

What is the innervation of the rectum?

A

Sympathetic - inferior hypogastric plexuses
Parasympathetic - S2-S4 via pelvic splanchnic nerve

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14
Q

What is the main lymphatic drainage of the rectum?

A

Pararectal LNs draining into inferior mesenteric LNs

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15
Q

What is the epithelium of the anal canal?

A

Columnar epithelium

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16
Q

What is the epithelium of the anal canal inferior to the pectinate line?

A

Non-keratinised stratified squamous epithelium

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17
Q

What is the arterial supply of the anal canal above the pectinate line?

A

Superior rectal artery and branches from middle rectal artery

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18
Q

What is the arterial supply of the anal canal below the pectinate line?

A

Inferior rectal artery and branches from middle rectal artery

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19
Q

What is the venous drainage of the anal canal?

A

Superior rectal vein for above - inferior mesenteric vein
Inferior rectal vein for below - internal pudendal vein

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20
Q

What is the innervation of the anal canal?

A

Somatic - inferior rectal nerves
Inferior hypogastric above pectinate line

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21
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the anal canal above the pectinate line?

A

Internal iliac LNs

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22
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the anal canal below the pectinate line?

A

Superficial inguinal LNs

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23
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the ovaries?

A

Para-aortic and lumbar LNs

24
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the lower vagina?

A

Sacral LNs

25
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the uterine body?

A

Internal and external iliac LNs

26
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the fundus and upper uterine body?

A

Pre-aortic LNs

27
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the cervix and upper vagina?

A

Internal iliac and sacral LNs

28
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the testis?

A

Lumbar and para-aortic LNs

29
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the scrotum?

A

Superficial inguinal LNs

30
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the urethra?

A

Internal iliac LNs

31
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the prostate gland?

A

Internal and external LNs

32
Q

What is the contents of the greater sciatic foramen?

A

Superior gluteal artery and vein
Superior gluteal nerve
Sciatic nerve
Pudendal nerve
Inferior gluteal artery and vein
Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve
Nerve to obturator internus and quadratus femoris

33
Q

What are the contents of the lesser sciatic foramen?

A

Pudendal nerve
Inferior gluteal artery and vein
Obturator internus tendon
Nerve to obturator internus

34
Q

What are the erectile tissues of the penis?

A

Left and right crura covered by ischiocavernosus muscles form corpora cavernosa
Bulb forms the corpus spongiosum muscle

35
Q

What is the action of the bulbospongiosus muscle?

A

Helps to maintain erection in males

36
Q

What is the action of the ischiocavernosus muscle?

A

Contracts to force blood into corpora cavernosa to help maintain erection

37
Q

What are the fascial coverings of the penis?

A

Superficial and deep fascia under the skin
Underneath the deep fascia is the tunica albuginae

38
Q

What is the innervation of the penis?

A

S2-4
Sensory and sympathetic innervation to skin and glans penis is supplied by dorsal nerve penis - pudendal nerve

39
Q

What is the innervation of the scrotum?

A

Anterior scrotal nerves from Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve and ilioinguinal nerve
Posterior scrotal nerves from pudendal nerve and posterior femoral cutaneous nerve

39
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the scrotum?

A

Superficial inguinal lymph nodes

40
Q

What are the layers of the scrotum?

A

Superficial dartos fascia of scrotum
External spermatic fascia
Cremaster muscle
Internal spermatic fascia
Parietal and visceral layer of tunica vaginalis

41
Q

What are the layers of the spermatic cord?

A

External spermatic fascia
Cremaster muscle and fascia
Internal spermatic fascia

42
Q

What is the innervation of the spermatic cord?

A

Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve

43
Q

What is the function of the vas deferens?

A

Transports sperm from epididymis to the ampulla and ejaculatory duct

44
Q

What is the function of the prostate gland?

A

Secretes proteolytic enzymes into semen to break down clotting factors so remains in fluid state

45
Q

What is the function of the bulbourethral gland?

A

Lubricating mucus secretion

46
Q

What is the innervation of the prostate and bulbourethral glands?

A

Sympathetic - hypogastric nerve

47
Q

What is the function of the seminal vesicle?

A

Secretions contain alkaline fluid, fructose, prostaglandins and clotting factors for semen

48
Q

What does SEED stand for?

A

S - seminal vesicle, E - ejaculatory duct, E - epididymis and D - ductus deferens
All derived from the mesonephric ducts

49
Q

What is the innervation of the urethra?

A

Prostatic plexus

50
Q

What is the nerve roots of the genitofemoral and ilioinguinal nerve?

A

Genitofemoral - L1-2
Ilioinguinal - L1

51
Q

What is the sensory function of the genitofemoral nerve?

A

Lateral skin of the scrotum
Mon pubis, labia majora and adjacent thigh

52
Q

What is the motor function of the genitofemoral nerve?

A

Cremaster and dartos muscle
Efferent limb of cremasteric reflex

53
Q

What is the sensory function of the ilioinguinal nerve?

A

Innervates anterior skin of the scrotum
Skin of superior anteromedial thigh
Skin of labia majora and mons pubis

54
Q

What is the sensory function of the pudendal nerve?

A

Innervates the external genitalia of both sexes
Skin of anus, anal canal and perineum

55
Q

What is the motor function of the pudendal nerve?

A

Bulbospongiosus, ischiocavernosus and levator ani muscles
External anal and urethral sphincter

Repro System - Anatomy (8 decks)

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