Male Reproductive System Flashcards
What is the function of the gonads?
Where gametes or sex cells are produced and site of for production of male sex hormones
What is the function of the accessory glands in male reproductive system?
Support the sperm and lubricate the copulatory organs
What is 1?
Scrotum
What is 2?
Testes
What is 3?
Epididymis
What is 4?
Vas deferens
What is 5?
Bulbourethral glands
What is 7?
Seminal glands
What is 8?
Urinary bladder
What is 9?
Prostate
What is 10?
Urethra
What is the name of the canal that the testis pass through during development?
Inguinal canal
What are the fascial coverings of the testes?
Internal spermatic fascia, cremaster muscles + fascia and spermatic cord
What does the spermatic cord pass through?
Superficial inguinal ring
What are the main contents of the spermatic cord?
Testicular artery, cremasteric a + v, artery to vas deferens, pampiniform plexus, genital branch of genitofemoral nerve and autonomic nerves
What is the tough fibrous layer of the testes called?
Tunica albuginea
What are the 2 layers of the tunica vaginalis?
Visceral and parietal
What material is present between the 2 layers of the tunica vaginalis?
Viscous fluid
What is A?
Head of epididymis
What is B?
Seminiferous tubule
What is C?
Tunica albuginea
What is D?
Vas deferens
What is E?
Body of epididymis
What is F?
Tail of epididymis
What is a hydrocele?
Collection of serous fluid in the tunica vaginalis
Due to inflammation or trauma and rarely testicular tumours
What is a haematocele?
Collection of blood in the tunica vaginalis
Due to trauma or injuries
What is the origin of the testicular artery?
Abdominal aorta
At what level do the testicular arteries arise from the abdominal aorta?
L2-3
What 2 structures do the testicular arteries cross?
Ureter and external iliac artery
Before entering the inguinal canal
What is the term for the 8-12 anastomosing veins associated with the testis?
Pampiniform plexus
What is the function of the pampiniform plexus?
Thermoregulation of testis and regulates the temp. for spermiogenesis
What vein does the right testicular vein drain into?
IVC
What vein does the left testicular vein drain into?
Left renal vein
What is a varicocele?
Gross dilatation of veins draining the testis
Left more commonly affected
‘Bag of worms’
What is the main cause of a varicocele?
Failure of valves within the spermatic veins
What are the 2 lymph node groups which receive lymph from the testis?
Lumbar and para-aortic
What is the lymphatic drainage of the prostate?
Internal iliac and sacral nodes
What is the lymphatic drainage of the seminal vesicle?
External and internal iliac nodes
What is the lymphatic drainage of the scrotum?
Superficial inguinal nodes
What is the lymphatic drainage of the penis?
Superficial inguinal nodes
What is the epididymis?
Attached to the body of the testis
Stores sperm that is produced from the testis
What is the vas deferens?
Muscular tube which arises from the tail of the epididymis and transverses the inguinal canal
Enters pelvis by crossing over the external iliac vessels
Joins the duct of the seminal gland to form the ejaculatory duct
What are the seminal glands?
Paired structures located on either side of the posterior surface of the bladder
Key role in normal functioning semen - alkaline fluid, fructose, prostaglandins and clotting factors
What is the prostate gland?
Fused to inferior part of the bladder and surrounds prostatic urethra
Secretes proteolytic enzymes, prostatic acid phosphate, fibrinolysin and prostatic specific antigen
What do the bulbourethral glands empty into?
Penile/ spongy urethra
What secretion are produced from the bulbourethral glands?
Mucus secretion containing glycoproteins
