REPRO! Flashcards

1
Q

primary sex organ of male

A

testis (gonad)

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2
Q

purpose of testis

A

produce sperm and male sex hormones

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3
Q

what is the scrotum

A

the sac that contains the testes

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4
Q

what does the scrotum do

A

regulates temperature of testes for sperm production

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5
Q

what is the tunica dartos muscle

A

pushes the testes upwards toward body for warmth or relaxes to cool

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6
Q

what is the vas deferens

A

duct that connects the epididymis to urethra of penis

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7
Q

the function of vas deferens

A

transport sperm during ejaculation

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8
Q

which animal has the highest concentration of sperm?

A

ram

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9
Q

what is heritability for reproductive traits?

A

5-15%

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10
Q

which species are testes vertical?

A

ram and bull

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11
Q

what are the accessory male sex glands

A

seminal vesicles, prostate glans, Cowper’s

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12
Q

where does spermatogenesis occur

A

within the lumen of seminiferous tubules

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13
Q

Where are sertoli cells located and what do they do

A

located within the semi tubules, they provide nourishment for developing sperm

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14
Q

Where are Leydig or interstitial cells located and what do they do

A

located between semi tubules they produce testosterone

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15
Q

What is GnRH and what is it’s function

A

GnRH= gonadotropic releasing hormone
controls the release of 2 hormones from the anterior pituitary gland (FSH and LH)

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16
Q

what do FSH/LH do

A

-LH: stimulates the Leydig cells to produce testosterone
-FSH: stimulates the Sertoli cells to produce nutrients for the sperm

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17
Q

What is contained in the head of sperm?

18
Q

functions of testosterone

A
  • excitatory hormone
  • stimulate growth of repro tract
  • initiate spermatogenesis
19
Q

starting from the inside, list the order of female reproductive tract

A

ovaries, oviducts, uterus, cervix, vagina, vulva, clit

20
Q

where is the site of placental attachment

21
Q

Where’s the site of fertilization

22
Q

Function of ovaries

A
  • produces the ovum
  • produces estrogen and progesterone
23
Q

what is the oogonia

A

primitive gamete of female

24
Q

how many layer of cells surrounds the primary follicle

25
how many layer of cells surrounds the secondary follicle
2
26
what occurs in the tertiary follicle
cells begin to migrate to the antrum
27
where is estrogen produced (specifically)
the cells lining the antrum
28
in the absence of pregnancy, what is destroyed through luteolysis
corpus luteum
29
when a surge of LH is released, what 3 things occur?
1. rupture of the follicle 2. development of CL 3. production of progesterone
30
what does polyestrous mean and give an example of an animal that is polyestrous
-many estrous periods a year - cow and sow
31
seasonally polyestrous means
multiple estrous periods during certain times of the year
32
estrous cycle length of cow and sow
19-23 days (avg. 21 days)
33
estrous cycle length of mare
10-37 days (avg. 21 days)
34
estrous cycle length of ewe
14-19 days (avg. 17 days)
35
during parturition, which of the following does NOT assume the "diving position"
pigs
36
is parturition initiated by the fetus?
yes!
37
ergot alkaloid toxins are produced by what?
endophyte fungus
38
what is "flushing"
increasing the level of nutritions about 30 days before breeding
39
what animal are we LEAST likely to artificially inseminate?
sheep
40
where is semen deposited
cows/mares: uterus sows: cervix