Growth review Flashcards

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1
Q

true growth

A

increase in BW until mature size is reached

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2
Q

what don’t we know about growth

A

why it starts, how it’s regulated, how it stops

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3
Q

hyperplasia

A

increase in cell numbers

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4
Q

hypertrophy

A

increase in cell size

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5
Q

endoderm

A

GI tract, lungs, bladder

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6
Q

Mesoderm

A

skeleton, skeletal muscle, C.T

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7
Q

ectoderm

A

skin, hair, brain, spinal cord

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8
Q

tissues

A

specialized group of cells that function together

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9
Q

organs

A

groups of tissues that work together to perform specific functions

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10
Q

system

A

a group of organs that accomplishes a larger function

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11
Q

two parts to long bones

A
  • epiphyses (enlarged ends)
  • diaphysis (shaft region)
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12
Q

osteoblasts

A

bone matrix production

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13
Q

osteocytes

A

maintenance of bone matrix

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14
Q

osteogenesis

A

formation of bone

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15
Q

osteoclasts

A

involved in bone resorption (breakdown and remodeling)

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16
Q

what does cartilage determine

A

maturity

17
Q

2 factors of frame size

A

-height at hips
-age

18
Q

fat development is by

A

hypertrophy

19
Q

shape of the growth curve

A

sigmoidal (S-shaped)

20
Q

What hormone’s responsible for increasing rate of the closure of the epiphyseal plate to slow growth?

A

estrogen

21
Q

this hormone stimulates muscle development and has an inhibitory influence on fat deposition

A

testosterone

22
Q

4 locations of fat deposition

A

-KPH
-intermuscular
-intramuscular
-subcuntaneous

23
Q

are intact males usually leaner than their castrated and female counterparts

A

yes