Lab Midterm Flashcards
Average gestation length of a ewe
147 day
true statement regarding “breeds”
the organisms share the same traits
At the swine unit, which rooms use the “all-in-all-out” strategy
All
When lower jaw is stronger than the upper jaw, this is coined
Monkey mouth
Gelbvieh and Limousin are similar breeds, what trait makes them different
Carcass Characteristics
which of following is false about Simmentals
They have good calving ease
USDA grader feeder cattle based on size and muscle thickness. There are ___ frame sizes and ___ muscle scores.
3,4
Which kind of teeth is not present in a ruminant mouth
upper incisors
Why would a producer prefer to select polled Herefords over horned Herefords
Reduce dehorning costs
Reduce injury to handlers
Prevent injury to herd
Why are most market hogs crossbred
Hybrid vigor
Which of the following might have exceptionally aggressive behaviors
an Intact Male and New mother
Why are pigs vaccinated even if the herd itself is disease-free
Build immunity in case they leave the farm
In Brian’s eyes, what’s the most important point of evalution for a newborn replacement gilt?
Underline
The weaning weight of calves is adjusted to how many days
205
90 day WW formula
((weaning weight-birth weight)/weaning age days)x90 all +birth weight
what does feed efficiency measure
lbs of feed required per lbs of gain
PSS
porcine stress syndrome; occurs due to selection for extreme muscling
PSE
pale, soft, and exudative carcass
Maternal traits are mostly associated with ___ beef breeds and paternal/terminal traits are associated with ___ beef breeds
British
Continental
Range for BCS in cattle is
1-9
Continental breeds take longer to mature (T/F)
T
British breeds have larger frame sizes than continental breeds (T/F)
F
A bull CAN pass strong maternal traits to their progeny (T/F)
T
Continental breeds tend to have less muscle than British breeds (T/F)
F
Has 21-day estrous cycle (sheep/cattle)
cattle
has 17-day estrous cycle (sheep/cattle)
sheep
Copper is toxic to these animals (sheep/cattle)
sheep
Is polyestrous (not seasonal) (sheep/cattle)
cattle
is seasonally polyestrous (sheep/cattle)
sheep
shorthorn (british v continental)
british
Hereford (british v cotinental)
continental
simmental (british v continental)
continental
Gelbvieh
continental
Heterosis
when offspring are said to perform better than their parents avg.
EPD
Expected progeny difference
ex: individual records, ancestor/progeny records, hereditability of trait
Desirable traits of British cattle breeds
mature younger, high fertility, easy calving
Undesirable traits of British cattle breeds
less muscular, smaller frame/lighter weight,
Desirable traits of Continental breeds
high carcass yield, more muscle
Undesirable traits of Continental breeds
low fertility, difficulties calving, less marbling
Dystocia
difficulty giving birth due to offspring size (normally too large)
Stocker operation
feeds high energy feed for animals to reach harvest
feedlot operation
feeds animals to heavier weights utilizing forages
cow
mature cow whos given birth
steer
castrated male
Heifer
mature female cow who hasn’t given birth
Bull
intact male, regardless of age
cow-calf operation
raises calves to weaning
boar
intact male pig
sow
mature female pig
pig
general term for young
gilt
young female pig
barrow
castrated male pig
act of parturition in pigs
farrowing
